| Term | Definition |
| Agricultural Revolution | time in the eighteenth century when there was great changes in the way food was produced. |
| Population explosion: | the great increase in the population of Britain that happened as a result of the Agricultural Revolution. |
| Enclosure | when farmers put fences and hedges around their land. |
| Jethro Tull | inventor of the seed drill, a machine for sowing seeds in the soil. |
| Cyrus McCormick | inventor of the mechanical reaper, a machine that allowed farmers to harvest their crops quickly. |
| Robert Bakewell | the man who came up with the idea of selective breeding. |
| Charles Townshend | introduced the four field system of crop rotation. |
| Cottage industry | when products were made at home in small numbers. |
| Textile industry | the industry that makes clothes. Changes in this industry started the Industrial Revolution |
| John Kay | inventor of the flying shuttle, used in weaving. |
| James Hargreaves | inventor of the Spinning Jenny used in spinning. |
| James Watt | inventor of the rotary steam engine. This led to a great increase in mining for iron and coal. |
| Humphrey Davy | inventor of the Davy lamp which improved safety in the mining industry. |
| Henry Bessemer | inventor of the Bessemer Converter. This improved the quality of steel. |
| John McAdam | improved transport by building better roads. |
| George Stephenson | the man who built the Rocket, a steam train. |
| Tenement | a building in which many poor people lived crammed together. Often a whole family had to share one room. |
| Slum | a poor area in a town of city that was full of tenement buildings. |
| Poor sanitation | slum areas were filthy and had no clean water or toilet facilities |
| Smallpox, cholera and TB | common diseases caused by poor sanitation. |
| Typhus | a disease spread by lice |
| Pasteurisation | the process of killing bacteria in food. |
| Edward Jenner | discoverer of vaccination for smallpox. |
| Chartists | group of people who wanted better treatment for the poor. |
| Robert Owen | famous factory owner who treated workers very well |
