Term | Definition |
Atrovent also known as | Ipratropium |
Mechanism of action | Inhibits interaction of acetylcholine at the muscarinic receptor sites of bronchial smooth muscle = decreased cyclic guanosine monophosphate and bronchodilation |
Mechanism of action Leads to increased airflow to the lungs by | reducing broonchospasm or narrowing airways in the lungs |
Indications | 1. persistent bronchospasm
2.COPD exacerbation- chronic bronchitis / Emphysema |
Contraindications | Hypersensitivity to atrovent/atropine/alkaloids / peanuts (with MDI) |
Precautions that you must ensure that physician knows if patient suffers from | a. Narrow angle acute glaucoma
b. Enlarged prostate / bladder obstruction /urinary problems |
How supplied - Aerosol | 18mcg / actuation |
How supplied - Nebulized | 500mcg /mL of a 0.2% solution |
Administration | Hand held nebulizer |
Dosage adult | 250-500 mcg via inhalation - every 20 minutes - up to 3 times |
Dosage pediatric | 250-500 mcg via inhalation - every 20 minutes - up to 3 times |
Side effects CNS | Headache - C , Dizziness - C , Nervousness , Fatigue , Blurred vision Eye pain Halos around lights -LT |
Side effects CV | Tachycardia , palpitations , MI -LT |
Side effects GI | Decreased urination , Pain or burning with urination -LT, Oliguria-LT , Bloody or cloudy urine -LT |
Side Effects GU | Dry mouth - C , Nausea-C , vomiting , distress, constipation |
Side effects Respiratory | Cough-C, Dyspnea , Exacerbation COPD-LT, Bronchospasms-LT |
Side effects Skin | Flushing , Hives , Swelling - face / tongue /lips / throat -LT , Hoarse voice-LT |