Question | Answer |
What are other names for for the Digestive System? | Gastrointestinal Tract, Digestive Tract, Alimentary Tract (30ft) |
What is another name for the Oral cavity? | Buccal Cavity |
What are the Structures of the Oral Cavity? | Lips, Cheeks, Hard palate, Soft palate, Uvula, Tongue |
What is the tongues function? | Sense of taste and assists in chewing and swallowing. |
What is mastication? | Chewing |
What is deglutition? | Swallowing |
What are the 3 Salivary glands? | Parotids, Submandibulars, Sublinguals |
What's the function of the salivary glands? | Secrete saliva that contains digestive enzymes to aid in the digestive process. |
What is Amylase? | Aids in the digestion of carbohydrates(enzyme in saliva) |
What is Lipase? | Aids in the digestion of fats(enzyme in saliva) |
What's the purpose of the Pharynx? | Serves as a passageway for the respiratory and digestive system. |
What's the Oropharynx? | Section leading away from the oral cavity. |
What's the Nasopharynx? | Portion of pharynx behind nasal cavity. |
What's the Laryngopharynx? | Lower portion of the pharynx that opens into the esophagus and larynx. |
What's the function of the Esophagus? | Recieves food from pharynx and propels it to the stomach. |
What's the function of the cardiac sphincter(lower esophageal sphincter)? | Controls the passage of food from the esophagus into the stomach. |
What's the Fundus? | Upper rounded portion of the stomach |
What's the Body(of the stomach)? | The central portion |
What's the Pylorus? | Lower tubular area(gastric antrum) |
What are Rugae? | Folds in mucous membranes of the stomach |
What's the function of the Pyloric sphincter? | Regulates the passage of food from the stomach to the duodenum |
What is the function of the stomach? | Gastric juices break down the food and the muscular action causes churning of food. |
What is Chyme? | Liquid mixture of partially digested food and digestive secretions. |
What's another name for the small intestine? | Small bowel(20ft) |
What are the 3 parts the small intestine divided into? | Duodenum, Jejunum, Ileum |
What's the function of the small intestine? | Completes the digestive process through absorption, increased by the presence of villi(finger like projections) |
What are the structures of the Large intestine? | Cecum, Ascending colon, Transverse colon, Descending colon, Sigmoid colon, Rectum, Anus |
What does the Cecum contain? | The appendix hangs from the lower portion of the Cecum. |
What does the Ascending colon contain? | Hepatic flexure |
What does the transverse colon contain? | Splenic flexure |
Where is the liver located? | Immediately under the diaphragm slightly to the right. |
What's the livers digestive function? | Produce bile for emulsification of fats in the small intestine |
What are the additional functions of the liver? | Excrete bile pigments into bile, synthesis of vitamin K-dependent plasma proteins, amino acid, carbs, and fat metabolism, phagocytosis, detoxification, and storage of vital nutrients such as glucose. |
Where is the gallbladder located? | The pear shaped sac under the surface of the liver |
What is the gallbladders main function? | To store and concentrate bile |
What does bile do? | Emulsifies fat |
Where is the pancreas located? | The upper left quadrant of the abdomen behind the stomach |
What does the pancreas function as? | The endocrine and exocrine gland |
What's the function of the exocrine gland? | Manufacture digestive juices. Contains a duct to transport hormones and enzymes. |
What is Trypsin? | Digestive juice that breaks down proteins |
What is Pancreatic lipase? | Digestive juice that breaks down fats |
What is Pancreatic amylase? | Digestive juice that breaks down carbs |
What is Sodium bicarbonate? | Digestive juice that neutralizes acidic stomach contents |
What's the function of the endocrine gland? | Manufacture insulin and glucagon. Is ductless just throws enzymes and hormones into blood |
What is insulin? | Hormone that allows glucose to pass from blood through cell membranes to be used for energy. Promotes conversion of excess glucose into glycogen |
What is Glucagon? | Hormone that stimulates the liver to convert glycogen into glucose when needed. |
What is the primary responsibility of teeth? | Mastication(chewing) food Is ground by teeth and softened by saliva |
What's another name for the primary teeth? | Deciduous teeth or milky teeth |
How many primary teeth are there? | 20 |
What's another name for secondary teeth? | Permanent teeth and they begin to appear around 6 years |
What are Incisors? | Teeth with chiseled shape and sharp edges for biting food |
What are Canines(cuspid teeth)? | Teeth that are used for grasping and tearing food |
What are the Bicuspids(premolars) and Molars? | Teeth with flat surfaces and multiple projections for crushing and grinding food. |
What are the structures of teeth? | Crown, neck, root, and root canal |
What is the crown? | Visible part of tooth covered with enamel which is the hardest substance in the body |
What is the neck? | Lies beneath the gum line |
What is the root? | Embedded in the bony socket of the jaw bone |
What is the root canal? | CENTRAL core of the tooth |