Term | Definition |
Describe the hypothalamus. | - influences thyroid gland
- serves as a link between endocrine and nervous system |
Describe the pineal gland | - shaped like a pine cone
- posterior part of the 3rd ventricle of the brain |
Describe the pituitary gland. | - pea sized organ at base of brain
- aka master gland
- regulates many body activities and stimulates other glands |
Describe the thyroid. | - largest in the endocrine system
- "H " shaped organ in the neck |
Growth Hormone (GH) | target the bones |
Anterior pituitary hormone (ACTH) | targets the adrenal cortex |
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) | targets the thyroid |
Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) | targets the testes and ovaries (F) |
Prolactin | targets the mammary glands |
Lutenizing Hormone (LH) | targets the testes/ovaries (L) |
Posterior Pituitary | antidiuretic (ADH) targets kidneys
oxytocin targets uterus/mammary glands |
Endocrine glands function? | secrete hormones directly into the blood stream |
Three types of steroid hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex | - mineralcorticoids (cortisol)
- glucocorticoids (aldosterone)
- sex hormone (gonadocorticoids) |
Two hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla and their function. | Epinephrine (adrenaline) - response to stress
Noepinephrine (noradrenaline) - raising blood pressure |
What is the parathyroid glands function? | - increase blood calcium levels |
Where are the adrenal glands located | superior surface of the kidneys |
S&S of Cushing Syndrome | - fatigue
- High BP
- moon face
- purple striae |
S&S of Type 1 Diabetes | C- onstant urination
A- bnormal thirst
U- nusual hunger
T- he rapid weight loss
I-rrability
O- bvious weakness/fatigue
N- nausea, vomiting |
What is the treatment for type 1 diabetes? | insulin |
What are the treatments for type 2 diabetes? | exercise, weight loss and insulin |
S&S for Type 2 Diabetes | D-rowsiness
I- tchiness
A- family history
B- lurred vision
E- xessive weight gain
T- ingling, numbness
E- asily fatigued
S- kin infection |
hyponatremia | ab.co. low sodium in the blood |
gigantism | ab. overgrowth of the entire body |
hypocalcemia | ab. low amount of calcium in the blood |
pancreas | an organ that contains the islets of Langerhans |
homeostasis | balance in the internal environment |
dwarfism | condition of being abnormally small |
polyphagia | condition of eating abnormally large amounts of food |
obesity | excessive accumulation of fat in the body |
hypercalcemia | excessive amounts of calcium in the blood |
hyperkalemia | excessive amounts of potassium in the blood |
hyperglycemia | excessive amount of sugar in the blood |
hursutism | excessive distribution of body hair |
polydipsia | excessive thirst |
hypokalemia | extreme depletion of potassium in the blood |
glucogenesis | formation of glucose |
somatotrophin | human growth hormone |
hyposecretion | inadequate secretion |
diuresis | increased formation and secretion of urine |
adrenal madulla | inner section of the adrenal gland |
atrophy | lack of development |
acromegaly | marked enlargement ad thickening of the bones of the face and jaw |
electrolytes | mineral salts that carry an electrical charge |
adrenal cortex | outer section of the adrenal gland which secretes steroids |
glycosuria | presence of glucose in the urine |
norepinephrine | produced in the adrenal medulla; raises blood pressure |
exophthalmos | protrusion of the eyes |
adrenalectomy | excision of the adrenal gland |
thyroidectomy | excision of the thyroid gland |
fasting blood sugar | measures blood glucose levels after a 12 hour fast |
RAIU | tests that measures thryoid function |
endocrinology | study of ductless glands and their secretion |
thyrotoxic | thyroid poisoning |
hypoglycemia | too little sugar |
adenoma | tumour of a gland |
hypogonadism | underdevelopment of internal secretions of male sex glands |