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Endocrinology Review

TermDefinition
Describe the hypothalamus. - influences thyroid gland - serves as a link between endocrine and nervous system
Describe the pineal gland - shaped like a pine cone - posterior part of the 3rd ventricle of the brain
Describe the pituitary gland. - pea sized organ at base of brain - aka master gland - regulates many body activities and stimulates other glands
Describe the thyroid. - largest in the endocrine system - "H " shaped organ in the neck
Growth Hormone (GH) target the bones
Anterior pituitary hormone (ACTH) targets the adrenal cortex
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) targets the thyroid
Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) targets the testes and ovaries (F)
Prolactin targets the mammary glands
Lutenizing Hormone (LH) targets the testes/ovaries (L)
Posterior Pituitary antidiuretic (ADH) targets kidneys oxytocin targets uterus/mammary glands
Endocrine glands function? secrete hormones directly into the blood stream
Three types of steroid hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex - mineralcorticoids (cortisol) - glucocorticoids (aldosterone) - sex hormone (gonadocorticoids)
Two hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla and their function. Epinephrine (adrenaline) - response to stress Noepinephrine (noradrenaline) - raising blood pressure
What is the parathyroid glands function? - increase blood calcium levels
Where are the adrenal glands located superior surface of the kidneys
S&S of Cushing Syndrome - fatigue - High BP - moon face - purple striae
S&S of Type 1 Diabetes C- onstant urination A- bnormal thirst U- nusual hunger T- he rapid weight loss I-rrability O- bvious weakness/fatigue N- nausea, vomiting
What is the treatment for type 1 diabetes? insulin
What are the treatments for type 2 diabetes? exercise, weight loss and insulin
S&S for Type 2 Diabetes D-rowsiness I- tchiness A- family history B- lurred vision E- xessive weight gain T- ingling, numbness E- asily fatigued S- kin infection
hyponatremia ab.co. low sodium in the blood
gigantism ab. overgrowth of the entire body
hypocalcemia ab. low amount of calcium in the blood
pancreas an organ that contains the islets of Langerhans
homeostasis balance in the internal environment
dwarfism condition of being abnormally small
polyphagia condition of eating abnormally large amounts of food
obesity excessive accumulation of fat in the body
hypercalcemia excessive amounts of calcium in the blood
hyperkalemia excessive amounts of potassium in the blood
hyperglycemia excessive amount of sugar in the blood
hursutism excessive distribution of body hair
polydipsia excessive thirst
hypokalemia extreme depletion of potassium in the blood
glucogenesis formation of glucose
somatotrophin human growth hormone
hyposecretion inadequate secretion
diuresis increased formation and secretion of urine
adrenal madulla inner section of the adrenal gland
atrophy lack of development
acromegaly marked enlargement ad thickening of the bones of the face and jaw
electrolytes mineral salts that carry an electrical charge
adrenal cortex outer section of the adrenal gland which secretes steroids
glycosuria presence of glucose in the urine
norepinephrine produced in the adrenal medulla; raises blood pressure
exophthalmos protrusion of the eyes
adrenalectomy excision of the adrenal gland
thyroidectomy excision of the thyroid gland
fasting blood sugar measures blood glucose levels after a 12 hour fast
RAIU tests that measures thryoid function
endocrinology study of ductless glands and their secretion
thyrotoxic thyroid poisoning
hypoglycemia too little sugar
adenoma tumour of a gland
hypogonadism underdevelopment of internal secretions of male sex glands
Created by: amcarron13
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