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Endocrinology Review
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Describe the hypothalamus. | - influences thyroid gland - serves as a link between endocrine and nervous system |
| Describe the pineal gland | - shaped like a pine cone - posterior part of the 3rd ventricle of the brain |
| Describe the pituitary gland. | - pea sized organ at base of brain - aka master gland - regulates many body activities and stimulates other glands |
| Describe the thyroid. | - largest in the endocrine system - "H " shaped organ in the neck |
| Growth Hormone (GH) | target the bones |
| Anterior pituitary hormone (ACTH) | targets the adrenal cortex |
| Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) | targets the thyroid |
| Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) | targets the testes and ovaries (F) |
| Prolactin | targets the mammary glands |
| Lutenizing Hormone (LH) | targets the testes/ovaries (L) |
| Posterior Pituitary | antidiuretic (ADH) targets kidneys oxytocin targets uterus/mammary glands |
| Endocrine glands function? | secrete hormones directly into the blood stream |
| Three types of steroid hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex | - mineralcorticoids (cortisol) - glucocorticoids (aldosterone) - sex hormone (gonadocorticoids) |
| Two hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla and their function. | Epinephrine (adrenaline) - response to stress Noepinephrine (noradrenaline) - raising blood pressure |
| What is the parathyroid glands function? | - increase blood calcium levels |
| Where are the adrenal glands located | superior surface of the kidneys |
| S&S of Cushing Syndrome | - fatigue - High BP - moon face - purple striae |
| S&S of Type 1 Diabetes | C- onstant urination A- bnormal thirst U- nusual hunger T- he rapid weight loss I-rrability O- bvious weakness/fatigue N- nausea, vomiting |
| What is the treatment for type 1 diabetes? | insulin |
| What are the treatments for type 2 diabetes? | exercise, weight loss and insulin |
| S&S for Type 2 Diabetes | D-rowsiness I- tchiness A- family history B- lurred vision E- xessive weight gain T- ingling, numbness E- asily fatigued S- kin infection |
| hyponatremia | ab.co. low sodium in the blood |
| gigantism | ab. overgrowth of the entire body |
| hypocalcemia | ab. low amount of calcium in the blood |
| pancreas | an organ that contains the islets of Langerhans |
| homeostasis | balance in the internal environment |
| dwarfism | condition of being abnormally small |
| polyphagia | condition of eating abnormally large amounts of food |
| obesity | excessive accumulation of fat in the body |
| hypercalcemia | excessive amounts of calcium in the blood |
| hyperkalemia | excessive amounts of potassium in the blood |
| hyperglycemia | excessive amount of sugar in the blood |
| hursutism | excessive distribution of body hair |
| polydipsia | excessive thirst |
| hypokalemia | extreme depletion of potassium in the blood |
| glucogenesis | formation of glucose |
| somatotrophin | human growth hormone |
| hyposecretion | inadequate secretion |
| diuresis | increased formation and secretion of urine |
| adrenal madulla | inner section of the adrenal gland |
| atrophy | lack of development |
| acromegaly | marked enlargement ad thickening of the bones of the face and jaw |
| electrolytes | mineral salts that carry an electrical charge |
| adrenal cortex | outer section of the adrenal gland which secretes steroids |
| glycosuria | presence of glucose in the urine |
| norepinephrine | produced in the adrenal medulla; raises blood pressure |
| exophthalmos | protrusion of the eyes |
| adrenalectomy | excision of the adrenal gland |
| thyroidectomy | excision of the thyroid gland |
| fasting blood sugar | measures blood glucose levels after a 12 hour fast |
| RAIU | tests that measures thryoid function |
| endocrinology | study of ductless glands and their secretion |
| thyrotoxic | thyroid poisoning |
| hypoglycemia | too little sugar |
| adenoma | tumour of a gland |
| hypogonadism | underdevelopment of internal secretions of male sex glands |
Created by:
amcarron13
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