Question | Answer |
To which of the following does the term apoptosis refer? | Preprogrammed cell self-destruction |
Which of the following is the best definition of epidemiology? | The science of tracking the occurrence and distribution of diseases |
The term disease refers to: | a deviation from the normal state of health and function. |
When the osmotic pressure of the blood is elevated above normal water would shift from the: | interstitial compartment into the blood. |
Which of the following would result from a deficit of plasma proteins? | Decreased osmotic pressure |
Which of the following is a typical sign of dehydration? | Rough oral mucosa |
Which of the following is a common cause of hyponatremia? | Excessive sweating |
Compensation mechanisms in the body for dehydration would include: | increased antidiuretic hormone (ADH). |
In patients with impaired expiration associated with emphysema effective compensation for the acid-base imbalance would be: | decreased urine pH and increased serum bicarbonate. |
One of the factors involved in the increased need for water in infants is: | higher metabolic rate. |
Which two ions are most important for acid-base balance in the body? | Cl– and HCO3– |
Serum potassium levels are affected by: | aldosterone.serum H+ levels.insulin levels. |
In the blood and extracellular fluids hypernatremia refers to: | an excess sodium level. |
Contraindications printed on the label of a drug id: | those circumstances under which the drug should probably not be used. |
The impulses related to acute pain are usually transmitted by: | myelinated A delta fibers. |
In which structure do pain impulses ascend the spinal cord? | Spinothalamic tract |
A headache that is related to changes in cerebral blood flow is classified as a/an ________ headache. | Migraine |
What is a common analgesic administered to control a moderate level of pain? | Codeine |
Which of the following is a characteristic of acute pain but not of chronic pain? | Severe but short term |
Ibuprofen is classified as an NSAID and is particularly useful in treating: | pain caused by inflammation. |
A headache that results from pressure on the meninges surrounding the brain is referred to as a/an: | intracranial headache. |
What are the three mechanisms that control or compensate for serum pH? | Buffer pairs in blood |
An anxiety attack often causes hyperventilation leading to: | decreased PCO2. |
Which of the following is essential in order to maintain serum pH within normal range? | The ratio of carbonic acid to bicarbonate ion must be 1:20. |
When many excess hydrogen ions accumulate in the blood what happens to serum pH? The pH: | Decreases |