Question | Answer |
what is the main purpose of a venipuncture chair? | Protects patient in the event of painting fainting |
who mandates that we use gloves? | OSHA |
are the gloves sterile or non sterile? | Non-sterile |
at what point in the procedure do the gloves have to be on? | Before alcohol |
how do tourniquets work? | Obstruct blood flow and distends veins |
how long can you leave tourniquets tied? | 1 to 2 minutes |
can you type tourniquets over clothing? | Yes |
list some complications of leaving a tourniquet on too long | hemoconcentration, petechiae, tingling, numbness, nerve damage, pain |
what is hemoconcentration | cells are concentrated in proportion to plasma |
what is the most common antiseptic used in phlebotomy? | 70% isopropyl alcohol |
how does alcohol work? | Inhibits bacterial growth or reproduction |
howlong does alcohol need to be on the skin to be effective? | 30 to 60 seconds or until dry |
list 3 contraindications for using alcohol to clean the skin before venipuncture | allergy, blood alcohol, blood culture |
why do we clean the skin from inner to outer? | To move the bacteria from one area to another |
what does evacuated in a tube mean? | The air has been removed there is a vacuum in the tube. |
The larger the tube the what the vacuum? | Greater |
the smaller the tube the what the vacuum? | the smaller the tube the what the vacuum? Smaller smaller |
if you drive five milliliters of blood, how much serum will it produced? | Two and a half million liters |
what is the purpose of a clot activator in a tube? | Speeds up the clotting process stimulates formation of a clot |
list five types of tests that are run on plasma specimens | coagulation, stats, whole blood, CBC, blood typing |
serum specimens are used for what type of test? | Chemistry |
what is serum? | Liquid portion in the tube after the blood clots with clotting factors without clotting factors |
how long does it take for the blood to clot in a serum tube that contains a clot activator? | 30 minutes |
how long does it take for blood to clot in a serum tube that does not contain a clot activator? | 60 minutes |
what is thixotropic gel? | gel that gets thinner when heated for educated agitated |
what causes thixotropic gel to settle itself between the clot/cell and the serum during centrifugation? | Gets thinner when heated, gel is lighter than cell, rises above, heavier than serum or plasma |
what is the difference between an SST and the PST? | One has serum and one has plasma |
why is it important to invert tubes after you drop blood? | To mix additives with blood |
what is a short draw? | Not completely filled/ Incompletely filled tube |
how could a short draw alter test results? | Increases concentration of additives, changes results |
what could cause the vacuum in the tubes to decrease or disappear | if tubes expire, taking top off |
if the vacuum in the tube disappeared,what would happen to blood flow into the tube? | the flow would stop or decreased |
what happens to additives when a tube expires? | They degrade |
how could using an expired tube affect test results? | If not enough blood or added to his, bad test results, inaccurate |
clot activator | speeds up clot formation |
sodium citrate | removes calcium, no clot formation |
heparin | inhibits thrombin, no clot formation, anti-coagulation |
EDTA | removes calcium, prevents clot formation, preservative |
potassium oxalate | removes calcium, prevents clot formation |
sodium fluoride | inhibits glycolysis,( breakdown of glycogen, )prevents cells from using preservatives |
no the order of draw by color | light blue, red gold red gray, green, lavender or pink, grey |