Term | Definition |
ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS | Fixation of the vertebrae with fibrous tissue causing loss of movement |
ANKYLOSIS | Immobilisation and solidification of a joint |
ARTHRITIS | Inflammation of a joint |
ARTHRODYNIA | Pain in a joint |
BURSIITIS | Inflammation of the pad of synovial membrane protecting a bone nere the surface of the body eg the elbow or knee |
CALLUS | An outgrowth of partly bony tissue produced in the body's process of the mending of bones |
EXOSTOSIS | An overgrowth of bone |
GENU VAIGUM | Knock knee |
GENU VARUM | Bow legged |
HALLUX VALGUS | Bunion/deviation of the large toe joint |
KYPHOSIS | Hunchback/excessive curvature of the thoracic vertebrae |
LORDOSIS | 'Sway back'/excessive inward curvature of the lumbar spine |
LUXATION | Complete dislocation of a joint |
OSTEOARTHRITIS | Degenerative disease of ageing-large joints of knee, hip etc |
OSTEOMA | Tumour of bone |
OSTEOMALACIA | Rickets-softening of bone due to lack of Vitimin D and deposit of calcium salts |
OSTEOMYELITIS | Inflammation of the bone marrow |
OSTEOPOROSIS | Brittle bones due to ageing and lack of oestrogen hormone which affects the ability to deposit calcium in the matrix of the bone |
POLYARTHRITIS | Arthritis involving many joints |
RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS | Disease causing inflammation of small joints, usually hands and feet |
SCOLLOSIS | A lateral S-shaped deformity of the vertebrae |
SPINA BIFIDA | Failure of the spinous processes to unite in fetal development, causing various degrees of deformity, with or without the meninges (covering of spinal cord) and/or spinal cord protuding through to the surface of the body |
SPONDYLITIS | Inflammation of one or more vertebrae |
SPONDYLOSIS | Degenerative disease of the spine,crumbling occurs |
STILL'S DISEASE | A form of rheumatoid polyarthritis in children |
ADENOMA | Tumour of a gland |
BENIGN | Favourable for recovery, opposite of malignant |
CHONDROMA | Benign tumour of cartilage |
CHONDROSARCOMA | Malignant tumour of cartilage and bone |
CONTUSION | Bleeding beneath the skin (bruise) |
EMBOLISM | Obstruction of a blood vessel by a detached, travelling paricle of blood, fat or air |
EMBOLUS | Blood clot,fat or air detached from another place and travelling in the blood steam |
EPITHELIOMA | Tumour of epithelial tissue (lining and covering organs), e.g. of the epidermis |
FIBROMA | Formation of fibrous tissue |
FIBROSIS | Formation of scar tissue |
HAEMATOMA | Swelling containing blood |
ISCHAEMIA | Deficiency of blood supply to a part |
KELOID SCAR | Abnormal overgrowth of fibrous tissue in the healing of a wound |
LESION | Morbid (abnormal) change in the tissue |
LIPOMA | Tumour composed of fat |
MALIGNANT | Virulent/dangerous, likely to have a fatal outcome (disease or tumour) |
MYALGIA | Painful muscles |
MYASTHENIA GRAVIS | Disease causing abnormal fatigue and weakness in voluntary mucles |
MYOMA | Tumour composed of muscle |
NG | New growth |
NECROSIS | Death of a tissue |
NECROTISING | Destruction of soft tissue |
FASCIITIS | By overwhelming infection, usually post-operatively, by haemolytic streptococcus bacteria (Group A) |
NEOPLASM | New growth of tumour |
OEDEMA | Free fluid in the tissue |
PAPILLOMA | Wart-type benign tumour |
PERITONITIS | Inflammation of the peritoneum (the lining of the abdomen and pelvic cavities) |
PLEUISY | Inflammation of the pleura (covering of the lungs) |
SARCOMA | Cancer arising in the connective tissue e.g. bone, blood |
SEBACEOUS CYST | Swelling caused by blockage of sebaceous gland duct in the skin |
BIOPSY | Removal of a prtion of living tissue for microscopic investigation |
TENOTOMY | surgical dividing ro cutting of a tendon |
SYNOVECTOMY | Surgial removal of synovial membrane |
ARTHRODESIS | Surgical stiffening of a joint |
ARTHROCENTESIS | Puncture of a joint cavity to remove fluid |
ARTHROCLASIA | Surgical breaking of a joint to provide movement |
LAMINECTOMY | Surgical removal of the lamina of a vertebraa to relieve pressure in 'slipped disc' |
BURSECTOMY | Removal of bursa |
MENISCECTOMY | Surgical removal of the semi-lunar cartilage of the knee joint |
OPEN REDUCTION | Using surgery to reduce a dislocation of a joint or fracture |