Question | Answer |
Describe the hypothalamus | Influences the thyroid and pituitary gland. Serves as a link between the endocrine and nervous system. |
Describe the pineal gland | Shaped like a pine cone. attached to the posterior part of the 3rd ventricle brain. secreted melantonin (sleep). |
Describe the pituitary. | (aka) hypophysis. Known as the master gland. pea-sized organ loacted at the base of the brain. regulates many body activities. stimulates other glands to secrete hormones. |
Describe the thyroid. | Largest gland of the endocrine system. H-shaped. Has 2 active iodine-containing hormones, T3 & T4. 2 lobes separated by an isthmus. |
Name the 6 hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary and what there target organ/tissue is. | GH - Bone and general growth ACTH- adrenal cortex. TSH - Thyroid FSH & LH - testes/ovaries Prolactin - mammary glands |
Name the 2 hormones secreted by the posterior pituitary and what their target organ/tissue is. | ADH (antidiuretic hormone)- kidneys oxytocin - uterus/mammary glands |
What are the 3 types of steroid hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex? | Glucocorticoids (body cells) sex hormones (female libido) mineralocorticoids (kidney) |
What are the 2 hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla and what is their function? | 2 Hormones are epinephrine (maintains blood pressure) and norepinephrine (raises blood pressure) SNS - sympathetic nervous system |
What is the function of endocrine glands? | secretes hormones directly into the bloodstream, hormones travel throughout body and lymph. |
What is the function of the parathyroid glands? | increases blood calcium level. 4 separate glands. stimulates 3 target organs, kidney, bones and intestines. |
Where are the adrenal glands located? | superior surface of kidney,. |
Name 3 disorders associated with thyroid gland | Graves disease Cretinism Myxedema |
What are the signs and symptoms of Cushing syndrome? | moon shaped face fatigue high blood pressure hirsutism purple striae grossly exaggerated head and trunk |
What causes acromegaly (pituitary disorder) | as an adult, hypersecretion of the growth hormone somatropin promotes soft tissue in bones and face, hands and feet grow larger |
What are the signs and symptoms of Type I diabetes? | constant urination abnormal thirst (polydipsia) unusual hunger (polyphagia) the rapid weight loss irrability obvious weakness/fatigue nausea/vomiting |
what are the signs and symptoms of type II diabetes? | Drowsiness Itching A family history blurred vision excessive weight gain tingling numbness & pain in extremeties easily fatigues skin infections |