Term | Definition |
afterbirth | placenta and mebranes are expelled from uterus after birh |
amnion | innermost membrane of sac surrounding fetus during gestation |
amniotic | fluid surrounding fetus and held by amnion |
areola | darkish area surounding nipple of reast |
bartholin's gland | one of two glands on either side of vagina that secrete fluid into vagina |
body | middle portion of uterus |
cervix | protective part of uterus located at bottome and protruding thru vaingal wall; contains glands that secrete fluid into vagina |
chorion | outermost membrane of sac surrounding fetus during gestation |
climacteric | period of hormonal changes just prior to menopause |
clitoris | primary organ of femal sexual stimulation located at top of labia minora |
coitus | sexual intercourse |
contraception | method of controlling conception by blocking access or interrupting reproductive cycles; birth control |
copulation | sexual intercourse |
condom | contraceptive device consisting of rubber or vinyl sheath placed over penis or as lining that covers vaginal canal blocking contac between sperm and female sex organs |
corpus luteum | structure formed after graafian follicle fills with yellow substance that secretes estrogen and progesterone |
diaphragm | contraceptive device that covers cervix and blocks sperm from entering; used in conjunction with spermicide |
endometrium | inner mucous layer of uterus |
estrogen | one of primary female hormones produced by ovaries |
fallopian tube | two tubes that lead from ovaries to uterus' uterine tube |
fimbriae | hairlike ends of uterine tubes that sweep the ovum into uterus |
follicle stimulating hormone | hormone necessary for maturation of oocytes and ovulation |
foreskin | fold of skin at top of labia minora |
fundus | top portion of uterus |
gamete | sex cell |
gestation | period of fetal development in uterus; usually 40 weeks |
gonad | male/female sex organ |
graafian follicle | follicle in ovary that holds oocyte during development and then erleases it |
gavida | pregnant women |
hormone | chemical secretion from glands such as ovaries |
hymen | fold of mucous membranes covering vagina of young female; usualy ruptures during first intercourse |
intrauterine device | contraceptive device consisting of coil placed in uterus to block implantation of fertilized ovum |
introitus | external opening or entranece to hollow organ such as vagina |
isthmus | narrow region at bottom of uterus opening into cervix |
labia majora | two folds of skin that form borders of vulva |
labia minora | two folds of skin between labia majora |
lactiferous | producing milk |
luteinizing hormone | hormone essential to ovulation |
mammary gland | glandular tissue that forms the breasts which respond to cycles of menstruation and birth |
menarche | first menstruation |
menopause | time when menstruation ceases; 45-55 yrs old |
menstruation | cyclical release of uterine lining thru vagina; every 28 days |
mons pubis | mound of soft tissue in external genitalia covered by pubic hair after puberty |
myometrium | middle layer of muscle tissue of uterus |
nipple | projection at apex of breat thru which milk flows during lactation |
oocyte | immature ovum produced in gonads |
ovary | one of two glands that produce ova |
ovulation | release of ovum or rarely more than one ovumas part of monthly cycle that leads to fertilization or menstruation |
ovum | mature female sex cell produced by ovaries which then tracels to uterus if fertilized it implants in uterus if not it's released during menstruation to outside of body |
para | woman who has given birth to one or more viable infants |
parturition | birth |
perimenopause | three to five year peiod of decreasing estrogen levvels prior to menopause |
perimetrium | outer layer of uterus |
perineum | space between labia majora and anus |
placenta | nutrient rich organ that develops in uterus during preggnancy supples nutrients to fetus |
progesterone | one of primary female hormones |
puberty | preteeen or early teen period when secondary sex characterisitics develop and menstruation begins |
sinus | space between lactiferous ducts and dnipple |
spermicide | contraceptive chemical that destroys sperm; usually cream or jelly form |
sponge | polyurethane contraceptive device fillded with spermicide and placed in vagina near cervix |
umbilical cord | cord that connects placenta to mother's uterus to navel of fetus during gestation for nourishment of fetus |
uterine tube | two tubes thru which ova travel from an ovary to uterus |
uterus | female reproductive organ; site of implantation after fertilization or release of lining during menstruation |
vagina | genital canal leading from uterus to vulva |
vulva | external female genitalia |
amnio | manion |
cervico | cervix |
colpo | vagina |
episio | vulva |
galacto | milk |
gyneco | female |
hystero | uterus |
lacto lacti | milk |
mammo | breast |
masto | breast |
meno | menstruation |
metro | uterus |
oo | egg |
oophoro | ovary |
ovi ovo | egg |
ovario | ovary |
perineo | perineum |
salpingo | fallopian tube |
utero | uterus |
vagino | vagina |
vulvo | vulva |
ab | abortion |
afp | alpha fetoprotein |
ah | abdominal hysterectomy |
cis | carcinoma in situ |
cs | caesarean section |
c section | caesaren section |
cx | cervix |
d & c | dilation and curettage |
des | diethylstilbestrol |
dub | dysfunctional uterine bleeding |
ecc | endocervial curettage |
edc | expected date of confinement (delivery) |
emb | endometrial biopsy |
ert | estrogen replacement therapy |
fht | fetal heart tones |
fsh | follicle stimulating hormone |
g | gravida (pregnancy) |
gyn | gynecology |
hcg | human chorionnic gonadotropin |
hrt | hormone replacement therapy |
hsg | hysterosalpingography |
hso | hysterosalpingo-oophorectomy |
iud | intrauterine device |
lh | luteinizing hormone |
lmp | last menstrual period |
multip | multiparous |
ob | obstretrics |
ocp | oral contraceptive pill |
p | para (live births) |
pap smear | papanicolaou smear |
pmp | prevoius menstrual period |
pms | premenstrual syndrome |
primip | primiparous (having one child) |
pid | pelvic inflammatory disease |
tah-bso | total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy |
tss | toxic shock syndrome |
uc | uterine contraceptives |
colposcopy | exmination of vagina with colposcope |
culdoscopy | examination of pelvic cavity using endoscope |
gynecologist | specialist who diagnoses and treats processes and disorders of female reproductive system |
hysterosalpingography | xray of uterus and uterine tubes after contrast medium injection |
hysteroscopy | exmination of uterus using hysteroscope |
mammography | xray imaging of breast as cancer screening method |
obstetrician | physician who speciliazes in pregnancy and childbirth care |
papanicolaou smear | gathering of cells from cervix and vagina to observe for abnormalities |
pelvimetry | measurement of pelvis during pregnancy |
abortion | premature ending of pregnancy |
abruptio placentae | breaking away of placenta from uterine wall |
amenorrhea | lack of menstruation |
anovulation | lack of ovulation |
anteflexion | bending forward; as of uterus |
carcinoma in situ | localixed malignancy that has not spread |
cervicitis | inflammation of cervix |
chlamydia | sexually transmitted bacterial infection affecting various parts of male or female reproductive systems; bacterial agent itself |
condyloma | growth on external genitalia |
dysmenorrhea | painful menstruation |
dyspareunia | painful sexual intercourse due to any of various conditions such as cysts infection or dryness in vagina |
endometriosis | abnormal condition in which uterine wall tissue is found in pelvis or on abdominal wall |
fibroid | benign tumor commonly found in uterus |
gonorrhea | sexually transmitted inflammation of genital membranes |
kegel exercises | exercises to strengthen perineal muscles |
leukorrhea | abnormal vaginal discharge; usually whitish |
mastitis | inflammation of breast |
menometrorrhagia | irregular or excessive bleeding between or during menstruation |
menorrhagia | excessive menstrual bleeding |
metrorrhagia | uterine bleeding between menstrual periods |
miscarriage | spontaneous premature ending of pregnancy |
oligomenorrhea | scanty menstrual period |
oligo-ovulation | irregular ovulation |
placenta previa | placement of placenta so it blocks birth canal |
preeclampsia | toxic infectino during pregnancy |
retroflexion | bending backward of uterus |
salpingitis | inflammation of fallopian tubes |
retroversion | backward turn of uterus |
syphilis | sexually transmitted infection |
vaginitis | inflammation of vagina |
amniocentesis | removal of sample of amniotic fluid thru needle injected in amniotic sac |
aspiration | biopsy which fluid is withdrawn thru needle by suction |
cauterization | removal or destructin of tissue using chemicals or devices such as laser guided equipment |
conization | removal of coneshaped section of cervix for examination |
cryosurgery | removal or destruction of tissue using cold temps |
culdocentesis | taking fluid smaple from base of pelvic cavity to see if ectopic pregnancy has ruptured |
hysterectomy | removal of uterus |
laparoscopy | use of lighted tubular instrument inserted thru woman's navel to perform tubal ligation or to exmine fallopian tube |
lumpectomy | removal of breast tumor |
mammoplasty | plastic surgery to reconstruct breast particularly after mastectomy |
mastectomy | removal of breast |
mastoplexy | surgical procedure to attach sagging breast in a more normal position |
myomectomy | removal of fibroids from uterus |
oophorectomy | removal of ovary |
salpingectomy | removal of fallopian tube |
salpingotomy | incision into fallopian tube |
abortifacient | medication to prevent implantation of ovum |
birth control pills or implants | medication that controls the flow of hormones to block ovulation |
hormone replacement therapy | treatment with hormones when body stops or decreases production of hormones by itself |
morning after pill | abortifacient |
oxytocin | hormone given to induce labor |
tocolytic agent | hormone given to stop labor |