Question | Answer |
normal position of the uterus | anteflexion |
pouch between the uterus and rectum | rectouterine pouch (pouch of Douglas) |
space between the uterus and bladder | vesicouterine pouch |
names of the vestibular glands and what they do | lesser-continually secrete (more anterior)
greater-secrete during arousal (more posterior) |
purpose of the menstrual cycle | to prepare the endometrium each month for the reception of a fertilized ovum |
function of the ovarian cycle | to assist in the maturation of an ovum |
both cycles controlled by ______, which stimulates the release of ____ and _____. | GnRF, FSH, LH |
_____ is from anterior pituitary, stimulates initial development of ovarian follicle and secretion of ______ by the ovaries | FSH, estrogen |
____ is from the anterior pituitary, further development of ovarian follicle, triggers ovulation, stimulates secretion of _____ and _____ by the ovaries | LH, estrogen, progesterone |
what does progesterone do? | works w/ estrogen to prepare the endometrium for implantation and the mammary glands for milk secretion |
stimulates dev and maintenance of female reproductive structures, including secondary sex characteristics. also works w/ progesterone to prepare endometrium for implantation | estrogen |
average duration of cycle | 28 days (ranges from 24-35) |
first day of the cycle is the first day of _______ | menses |
________ is the middle of the cycles | ovulation |
first half of the cycles are called | menses and preovulatory or follicular phase or proliferative phase |
1st half of cycle caused by a sudden reduction in ________ and ______ | progesterone and estrogen |
_______ is the dominant ovarian hormone during the first half of the cycles | estrogen |
first half of cycle--____ dominates over _____ until about day 14 when an ______ spike triggers ovulation | FSH, LH, LH |
2nd half of the cycles are called | postovulatory or luteal phase or secretory phase |
2nd half: the empty follicle becomes the ______ ______ which will secrete both ______ and _________ | corpus luteum, estrogen, progesterone |
2nd half: _____ is the dominant ovarian hormone | progesterone |
2nd half: ____ and _____ can occur. if they don't occur, the corpus lute degenerates and _____ and _____ levels drop to trigger menses and start a new cycle. | fertilization and implantation, estrogen and progesterone |
between ages __ and __ the adrenal gland starts to increase its production of androgenic hormones | 6 and 8 |
age at which estrogen triggers physical changes in girls | ~10yo |
the stage at which a girl has her first menstrual cycle | menarche |
avg age of menarche | 12-13 years |
menarche usually occurs _____ years after the development of breast buds | 2.5 years |
menstrual cycles are usually irregular for ___-___ years after menarche | 1-2 |
a way of documenting a pt's level of sexual development | Tanner Stages (5 stages for girls) |
most women continue menstruation for about _____ yrs | 40 |
menopause: ___ months of amenorrhea after the final menstrual period | 12 |
avg age of menopause | 51 |