Question | Answer |
Endocrine | Glands that secrecte hormones within |
Hormones | Chemical catalysts |
Catalyst | Anything causing a reaction to occur |
The endocrine glands include: | 1.)Pituitary gland
2.)Thyroid gland
3.)Parathyroid glands
4.)Adrenal glands
5.)Pancreas |
The pituitary gland is AKA the | Hypohysis |
The pituitary (hypophysis) is AKA the | "master gland" |
The pituitary (hypophysis) is called the "master gland"because | It controls other endocrine glands by secreting hormones |
The pituitary gland(hypophysis)is the size of a | Pea |
Hormones secreted by the pituitary(hypophysis)include: | 1.)GH(which stands for Growth Hormone) |
Growth hormone (GH)sumulates | growth AND development of the body |
ACTH which stands for | AdrenoCorticoTropic hormone |
AdrenoCorticoTropic hormone(ACTH)stimulates glands to secrete their | Hormones |
Hormones secreted from the adRENAL glands are AKA | Steroids |
TSH which stands for | Thyroid Stimulating Hormone |
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone(TSH)is AKA | Thyrotropin OR T7 stimulates the thyroid gland to secrete it's hormones |
Gonadotropic hormone | Gonadotropic hormone aids in the development of the secondary sexual characteristics |
Prolactin | Prolactin is AKA lactogenic hormone |
prolactin(LACTogenic hormone)stimulates | Breast development AND milk production in women |
OT which stands for | Oxytocin |
Oxytocin(OT)stimulates | Uterine contractions during labor |
Synthetic Oxytocin (OT)is called | Pitocin("pit drip") |
Synthetic means | Artificially made |
Pitocin is used to | Induce(start)labor |
ADH which stands for | Anidiuretic Hormone |
Anidiuretic Hormone(ADH) | stimulates the kidneys to reabsorb water |
FSH which stands for | Follicle Stimulating Hormone |
Follicle Stimulating Hormone(FSH)simulates the | Maturation of an oocyte (egg cell) into a follicle AND released as an ovum(egg) |
The thyroid gland is located adjacent(next)to the larynx AKA | Vocal cords |
The thyroid gland has sections called | Lobes |
Hormones secreted by the thyroid gland include: | 1.)Thyroxine(Thyroxine is AKA T3+T4 |
Thyroxine(T3+T4) has a direct influence on | Metabolism |
Metabolism is the | Rate at which the body burn energy |
A sythetic Thyroxine(T3+T4)is called | Synthroid(levothyroxine) |
Myxedema | A condition of deficient thyroxine(T3+T4)AKA Hypohyroidism |
Grave's disease(GD) | A condition of excessive thyroxine(T3+T4)AKA hyperthyroidism |
Calcitonin | Calcitonin is a hormone that stimulates the bones to absorb calcium(Ca) |
A synthetic Calcitonin is called | Miacalcin |
Calcitonin is not | Calcium(Ca) |
The parathyroid glands are located | posterior to the thyroid gland |
The hormone secreted by the parathyroid glands is | Parathyroid Hormone(PTH) |
Parathyroid Hormone(PTH) stimulates the | Bones to release calcium(Ca) into the bloodstream |
Parathyroid Hormone(PTH)will be secreted when | Blood Calcium(Ca)levels fall |
Blood calcium(Ca)levels will fall when | A person does not ingest enough daily dietary calcium(Ca) |
A blood condition of deficient calcium(Ca)is called | Hypocalcemia AKA calcipenia |
Foods rich in calcium include: | dairy,spinach,broccoli,sardines |
Te Recommended Daily Allowance(RDA)of Calcium(Ca) can be acquired by consuming | Three/four-8 ounce(oz)glasses of milk OR the equivalent every day |
Homeostasis refers to a continuous struggle to maintain a | metabolic balance in the body |
The body will try to maintain Calcium (Ca) homeostasis by | Releasing ParaThyroid Hormone(PTH)if you do not inest enough daily dietary calcium(Ca) |
The ParaThyroid Hormone(PTH)will cause the bones to | Release Calcium(Ca) into the bloodstream |
The tissue that has priority for the calcium(Ca)stored in the bones is | Muscle(heart) |
Over time,Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)can cause | Osteomalacia AND osteoporosis |
The adRENAL glands are located in the | Suprarenal areas |
Suprarenal means | Above a kidney |
Hormones secreted by the adrenal glands include: | 1.)Cortisol |
The functions of the cortisol include: | A.)Aids with the adverse effects of stress
B.)Aids in the metabolism o carbohydrates,fats AND proteins |
Carbohydrates are necessary for | Energy |
Fats are necessary for | The absorption of certain vitamins |
Proteins are necessary for | Growth AND repair |
Aldosterone | Aldosterone is necessary for the regulation of the body salts |
The salts of the body are AKA | Electrolytes("lytes")include:
1.)Sodium(Na)
2.)Potassium(K)
3.)Chloride(CL) |
Adrenaline | Adrenaline is AKA Epinephrine("epi") |
The secretion of adrenaline(epiNEPHRine)promotes a | "fight or flight"responce |
The"fight or flight response" includes: | A.)Fast heart (pulse)
B.)Tachypnea AKA
fast breathing
Pupil dilation
pallor AKA paleness |
Bronchodilation AKA | Increased diameter of the airways |
The tachycardia,tachypnea,bronchodilation,AND pallor aid the body with | Increased respiration AND delivery of the oxygenated blood to tissues |
Respiration means | The exchange of the gasesO2(oxygen)AND CO2(carbon dioxide) |
The pupils dilate to | Increase your Visual Field(VF) |
Pallor is caused by | Shunting of blood from the periphery to the major organs AND large muscle groups |
Shunting means to | Divert or redirect |
Cushing's syndrome | A condition of hyperadrenalism |
Addison's disease | A condition of hypoadrenalism |
The pancreas is located | Retrogastric |
Retrogastric means | Posterior to the stomach |
A hormone excreted by the pancreas is | Insulin |
Insulin is necessary to open the cellular | door for glucose |
Insulin is released | when Blood Sugar(BS)rises |
Diabetes mellitus(DM) | Insulin deficiency OR insulin resistance |
A synthetic insulin is called | Humulin |
Cortex | Outer |
Adrencorticohyperplasia | Excessive development of the adrenal cortex |
Adrenopathy | A disease condition of an adrenal gland |
Endocrinologist | Specialist in the study of the endocrine system |
Endocrinopathy | Any disease condition of the endocrine system |
Grave's disease(GD)can cause an abnormal protrusion of the eyeballs called | Exophthalmous (exophthalmic) |
Polydipsia | A condition of excessive thirst |
Polyuria | A condition of excessive urination |
Polyphagia | A condition of excessive hunger |
Adrenalectomy | Surgical removal of an adrenal gland |
Parathyroidectomy | Surgical removal of a parathyroid gland(s) |
Thyroidotomy | Surgical incision of the thyroid gland |
Thyroparathyroidectomy | Surgical removal of the thyroid gland AND parathyroid gland(s) |
Acromegaly | Enlargement of the extremities |
Adrenalitis | Inflammation of the adrenal gland |
HyperCALcemia | Blood condition of excessive calcium |
Hyperglycemia | Blood condition of excessive SUGAR |
Hyperkalemia | A blood condition of excessive potassium(K) |
HypoNAtremia | A blood condition of deficient sodium(Na) |
Thyroid scan | X-ray of the thyroid using a radioactive contrast |
Which department will perform this test? | Nuclear medicine |
Materials that illuminate when exposed to X-rays are called | Radiopaque OR contrast material |
Thyroid ultrasound | A diagnostic image of the thyroid using sound waves |
Exocrine glands | Glands that secrete out |
Exocrine glands include: | A.)Sebaceous glands which produce sebum(oil)
B.)Sudoriferous glands which produce sweat |
Cerumenous glands which produce | Cerumen(ear wax) |
Lacrimal glands which produce | Tears |
BS | Blood Sugar(glutose)OR
Bowel Sounds OR
Breath Sounds |
FBS | Fasting Blood Sugar |
GTT | Glutose Tolerance test |
gt | A drop |
gtt | Drops |
Ca OR CA | Calcium OR Cancer |
I | Iodine |
PBI | Protein Bound Iodine |
RAIU | RadioActive Iodine Uptake |
Anytime you see the term IODINE(I)in a test it will usually refer to the | Thyroid gland |
TFT | Thyroid function Tests |
When you see the a medical word that has(TROPIN) in it, it's a clue that means | I come from the Pituitary gland |