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Endocrine system
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Endocrine | Glands that secrecte hormones within |
| Hormones | Chemical catalysts |
| Catalyst | Anything causing a reaction to occur |
| The endocrine glands include: | 1.)Pituitary gland 2.)Thyroid gland 3.)Parathyroid glands 4.)Adrenal glands 5.)Pancreas |
| The pituitary gland is AKA the | Hypohysis |
| The pituitary (hypophysis) is AKA the | "master gland" |
| The pituitary (hypophysis) is called the "master gland"because | It controls other endocrine glands by secreting hormones |
| The pituitary gland(hypophysis)is the size of a | Pea |
| Hormones secreted by the pituitary(hypophysis)include: | 1.)GH(which stands for Growth Hormone) |
| Growth hormone (GH)sumulates | growth AND development of the body |
| ACTH which stands for | AdrenoCorticoTropic hormone |
| AdrenoCorticoTropic hormone(ACTH)stimulates glands to secrete their | Hormones |
| Hormones secreted from the adRENAL glands are AKA | Steroids |
| TSH which stands for | Thyroid Stimulating Hormone |
| Thyroid Stimulating Hormone(TSH)is AKA | Thyrotropin OR T7 stimulates the thyroid gland to secrete it's hormones |
| Gonadotropic hormone | Gonadotropic hormone aids in the development of the secondary sexual characteristics |
| Prolactin | Prolactin is AKA lactogenic hormone |
| prolactin(LACTogenic hormone)stimulates | Breast development AND milk production in women |
| OT which stands for | Oxytocin |
| Oxytocin(OT)stimulates | Uterine contractions during labor |
| Synthetic Oxytocin (OT)is called | Pitocin("pit drip") |
| Synthetic means | Artificially made |
| Pitocin is used to | Induce(start)labor |
| ADH which stands for | Anidiuretic Hormone |
| Anidiuretic Hormone(ADH) | stimulates the kidneys to reabsorb water |
| FSH which stands for | Follicle Stimulating Hormone |
| Follicle Stimulating Hormone(FSH)simulates the | Maturation of an oocyte (egg cell) into a follicle AND released as an ovum(egg) |
| The thyroid gland is located adjacent(next)to the larynx AKA | Vocal cords |
| The thyroid gland has sections called | Lobes |
| Hormones secreted by the thyroid gland include: | 1.)Thyroxine(Thyroxine is AKA T3+T4 |
| Thyroxine(T3+T4) has a direct influence on | Metabolism |
| Metabolism is the | Rate at which the body burn energy |
| A sythetic Thyroxine(T3+T4)is called | Synthroid(levothyroxine) |
| Myxedema | A condition of deficient thyroxine(T3+T4)AKA Hypohyroidism |
| Grave's disease(GD) | A condition of excessive thyroxine(T3+T4)AKA hyperthyroidism |
| Calcitonin | Calcitonin is a hormone that stimulates the bones to absorb calcium(Ca) |
| A synthetic Calcitonin is called | Miacalcin |
| Calcitonin is not | Calcium(Ca) |
| The parathyroid glands are located | posterior to the thyroid gland |
| The hormone secreted by the parathyroid glands is | Parathyroid Hormone(PTH) |
| Parathyroid Hormone(PTH) stimulates the | Bones to release calcium(Ca) into the bloodstream |
| Parathyroid Hormone(PTH)will be secreted when | Blood Calcium(Ca)levels fall |
| Blood calcium(Ca)levels will fall when | A person does not ingest enough daily dietary calcium(Ca) |
| A blood condition of deficient calcium(Ca)is called | Hypocalcemia AKA calcipenia |
| Foods rich in calcium include: | dairy,spinach,broccoli,sardines |
| Te Recommended Daily Allowance(RDA)of Calcium(Ca) can be acquired by consuming | Three/four-8 ounce(oz)glasses of milk OR the equivalent every day |
| Homeostasis refers to a continuous struggle to maintain a | metabolic balance in the body |
| The body will try to maintain Calcium (Ca) homeostasis by | Releasing ParaThyroid Hormone(PTH)if you do not inest enough daily dietary calcium(Ca) |
| The ParaThyroid Hormone(PTH)will cause the bones to | Release Calcium(Ca) into the bloodstream |
| The tissue that has priority for the calcium(Ca)stored in the bones is | Muscle(heart) |
| Over time,Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)can cause | Osteomalacia AND osteoporosis |
| The adRENAL glands are located in the | Suprarenal areas |
| Suprarenal means | Above a kidney |
| Hormones secreted by the adrenal glands include: | 1.)Cortisol |
| The functions of the cortisol include: | A.)Aids with the adverse effects of stress B.)Aids in the metabolism o carbohydrates,fats AND proteins |
| Carbohydrates are necessary for | Energy |
| Fats are necessary for | The absorption of certain vitamins |
| Proteins are necessary for | Growth AND repair |
| Aldosterone | Aldosterone is necessary for the regulation of the body salts |
| The salts of the body are AKA | Electrolytes("lytes")include: 1.)Sodium(Na) 2.)Potassium(K) 3.)Chloride(CL) |
| Adrenaline | Adrenaline is AKA Epinephrine("epi") |
| The secretion of adrenaline(epiNEPHRine)promotes a | "fight or flight"responce |
| The"fight or flight response" includes: | A.)Fast heart (pulse) B.)Tachypnea AKA fast breathing Pupil dilation pallor AKA paleness |
| Bronchodilation AKA | Increased diameter of the airways |
| The tachycardia,tachypnea,bronchodilation,AND pallor aid the body with | Increased respiration AND delivery of the oxygenated blood to tissues |
| Respiration means | The exchange of the gasesO2(oxygen)AND CO2(carbon dioxide) |
| The pupils dilate to | Increase your Visual Field(VF) |
| Pallor is caused by | Shunting of blood from the periphery to the major organs AND large muscle groups |
| Shunting means to | Divert or redirect |
| Cushing's syndrome | A condition of hyperadrenalism |
| Addison's disease | A condition of hypoadrenalism |
| The pancreas is located | Retrogastric |
| Retrogastric means | Posterior to the stomach |
| A hormone excreted by the pancreas is | Insulin |
| Insulin is necessary to open the cellular | door for glucose |
| Insulin is released | when Blood Sugar(BS)rises |
| Diabetes mellitus(DM) | Insulin deficiency OR insulin resistance |
| A synthetic insulin is called | Humulin |
| Cortex | Outer |
| Adrencorticohyperplasia | Excessive development of the adrenal cortex |
| Adrenopathy | A disease condition of an adrenal gland |
| Endocrinologist | Specialist in the study of the endocrine system |
| Endocrinopathy | Any disease condition of the endocrine system |
| Grave's disease(GD)can cause an abnormal protrusion of the eyeballs called | Exophthalmous (exophthalmic) |
| Polydipsia | A condition of excessive thirst |
| Polyuria | A condition of excessive urination |
| Polyphagia | A condition of excessive hunger |
| Adrenalectomy | Surgical removal of an adrenal gland |
| Parathyroidectomy | Surgical removal of a parathyroid gland(s) |
| Thyroidotomy | Surgical incision of the thyroid gland |
| Thyroparathyroidectomy | Surgical removal of the thyroid gland AND parathyroid gland(s) |
| Acromegaly | Enlargement of the extremities |
| Adrenalitis | Inflammation of the adrenal gland |
| HyperCALcemia | Blood condition of excessive calcium |
| Hyperglycemia | Blood condition of excessive SUGAR |
| Hyperkalemia | A blood condition of excessive potassium(K) |
| HypoNAtremia | A blood condition of deficient sodium(Na) |
| Thyroid scan | X-ray of the thyroid using a radioactive contrast |
| Which department will perform this test? | Nuclear medicine |
| Materials that illuminate when exposed to X-rays are called | Radiopaque OR contrast material |
| Thyroid ultrasound | A diagnostic image of the thyroid using sound waves |
| Exocrine glands | Glands that secrete out |
| Exocrine glands include: | A.)Sebaceous glands which produce sebum(oil) B.)Sudoriferous glands which produce sweat |
| Cerumenous glands which produce | Cerumen(ear wax) |
| Lacrimal glands which produce | Tears |
| BS | Blood Sugar(glutose)OR Bowel Sounds OR Breath Sounds |
| FBS | Fasting Blood Sugar |
| GTT | Glutose Tolerance test |
| gt | A drop |
| gtt | Drops |
| Ca OR CA | Calcium OR Cancer |
| I | Iodine |
| PBI | Protein Bound Iodine |
| RAIU | RadioActive Iodine Uptake |
| Anytime you see the term IODINE(I)in a test it will usually refer to the | Thyroid gland |
| TFT | Thyroid function Tests |
| When you see the a medical word that has(TROPIN) in it, it's a clue that means | I come from the Pituitary gland |
Created by:
BLM1095
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