Term | Meaning |
arthrodesis | surgical immobilization of a joint |
arthroplasty | reshaping or reconstruction of a joint |
aspiration | use of a needle and a syringe to withdraw fluid |
closed treatment | treatment of a fracture without surgical opening and visualization |
curettage | scraping of a cavity using a spoon-shaped instrument |
dislocation | placement in a location other than the original location |
endoscopy | inspection of body organs or cavities using a lighted scope that may be inserted through an existing opening or through a small incision |
fasciectomy | excision of fascia |
fracture | break in a bone |
internal/external fixation | application of pins, wires, screws, and so on to immobilize a body parts; they can be placed externally or internally |
abduction | movement of a limb away from the mid line of the body |
adduction | movement of limb toward the midline of the body |
circumduction | circular movement of a limb |
extension | movement by which two parts are drawn away from each other |
flexion | movement by which two parts are drawn toward each other |
hyperextension | excessive extension of a limb |
pronation | applied to the hand, the act of turning the palm down |
supination | applied to the hand, the act of turning the palm up |
kyphosis | humpback, the abnormal curvature of the spine |
ligament | a band of fibrous tissue that connects cartiliage or bone and supports a joint |
lysis | releasing |
manipulation or reduction | words used interchangeably to mean the attempted restoration of a fracture or joint dislocation to its normal anatomic position |
muscle | fibrous structure that can contract and facilitates the movement of the body. There are three types smooth, skeletal, and cardiac |
open treatment | fracture site that is surgically opened and visualized |
osteotomy | cutting into bone |
percutaneous | through the skin |
percutaneous skeletal fixation | considered neither open nor closed; the fracture is not visualized, but fixation is placed across the fracture site under the x-ray imaging |
scoliosis | abnormal lateral curvature of the spine |
tenodesis | suturing of the end of a tendon to a bone |
tenorrhaphy | together of two parts of a tendon |
traction | application of force to a limb |
trocar needle | needle with a tube on the end; used to puncture and withdraw fluid from a cavity |