Question | Answer |
What makes up the iceberg of stuttering | core features
secondary features
attitudes and feelings |
what are the core features of stuttering (3) | repetitions
prolongations
blockages |
what are the secondary features of stuttering (2) | escape
avoidence |
what makes up the attitudes and feelings under the iceberg | fear
guilt
shame
denial |
what are some things that facilitate fluency | talking slowly
singing |
what should the goal of treatment be? | to help a persona say what they want,to whom they want when they want to say it. |
what are some events we call a stutter | part word repetitions
prolongations (both audible and inaudible) |
what are some events we would call disfluencies? | whole word repetitions
phrase repetitions
revisions
interjections |
what is a Stutter? | this is a complex disorder that includes speech, physiological, emotional factors, lasting over time. |
what does Stutter include? (3) | the whole iceberg:
core behaviors
secondary behaviors
feelings and attitudes |
what are some dimensions of normal fluency | rate
continuity
tension effort |
what is rate | appropriate speech timing |
what is continuity | smooth connections |
what is tension effort | appropriate force |
what are some features of disfluency (3) | interruptions that occur in ongoing speech
disfluencies occur in everybody's speech, not just pws
all speech disruptions are considered disfluency's |
what are the 6 major mulitdimensional aspects of a stuttering disorder? | 1. overt speech events
2. physical concomitants head nods, blinks, grimacing
3. physiological inner body experience)
4. affective features (emotions and attitudes)
5. cognitive (what do think about talking.
6. social dynamics, social participation |
what is an example of part word repetition? | bu-bu-bu |
what is an example of a single syllable word repetition? | and-and-and |
what is an example of disrhythmic phonation? | (prolongation) Mo-------mmy |