Term | Definition |
absorption | movement of nutrients from one layer to another |
anastomosis | connecting two tubular structures |
amylase | enzyme that breaks down starch |
appendicitis | inflammation of the appendix |
atresia | closed ducts or tubes |
bariatrics | specialty that treats obesity |
cathartic | agent that relieves constipation |
cheiloplasty | surgical repair of the lips |
cheilostomatoplasty | repair of the lips and mouth |
cheilotomy | incision into the lips |
cholangiopancreatography | process of taking x-ray of the biliary and pancreatic ducts using contrast media |
cholecystograph | x-ray picture of the gallbladder |
cirrhosis | chronic liver disease causing loss of liver function and resistance to blood flow through the liver. Etiology may include poor nutrition, alcoholism, previous hepatitis |
colic | pertaining to the colon |
colocentesis | surgical puncture of the colon to remove fluid |
coloclysis | irrigation of the colon |
colopexy | surgical fixation of the colon |
coloptosis | prolapsed colon |
colorectal | pertaining to the colon and rectum |
colostomy | making a new opening into the colon |
constipation | hard stool, infrequent bowel movements |
divericulitis | inflammation of diverticula of the intestine |
digestion | breaking down of food |
defecation | expelling feces |
diverticulosis | condition of having diverticula |
dysentery | inflammation of the intestine, pain, diarrhea |
enterectasia | stretching of the intestine |
enteritis | inflammation of the intestine |
enterocele | intestinal hernia |
enterocentesis | surgical puncture of the intestine to remove fluid |
enteroclysis | irrigation of the intestine |
enteroplegia | paralysis of the intestine |
enteroptosis | prolapse of the intestine |
enterorrhagia | hemorrhage of the intestine |
enteroscope | instrument for examining the intestine |
epigastric | upon the stomach |
esophageal | pertaining to the esophagus |
esophagoduodenostomy | anastomosis between the esophagus and duodenum |
esophagostenosis | narrowing of the esophagus |
feces | stool, solid waste |
gastrectasia | dilatation of the stomach |
gastric | pertaining to the stomach |
gastritis | inflammation of the stomach |
gastroclysis | irrigation of the stomach |
gastroenteric | pertaining to the stomach and the intestine |
gastroenterology | the study if disease of the stomach and intestine |
gastroenteroptosis | prolapse of stomach and intestine |
gastrorrhagia | hemorrhage of the stomach |
gingival | pertaining to the gums |
gingivalgia | gum pain |
gingivectomy | excision of the gums |
gingivoglossitis | inflammation of the gums and tongue |
glossal | pertaining to the tongue |
glossalgia | tongue pain |
glossoplegia | tongue paralysis |
glossoptosis | prolapse of the tongue |
glossoscopy | examination of the tongue with a scope |
hepatectomy | excision of the liver |
hepatitis | inflammation of the liver |
hepatocele | herniation of the liver |
hepatodynia (hepatalgia) | liver pain |
hepatolith | liver stone |
hepatopathy | any disease of the liver |
hepatorrhagia | hemorrhage of the liver |
hepatorrhaphy | suture of the liver |
hepatoscope | instrument for examining the liver |
hypoglossal (sublingual) | pertaining to below the tongue |
ileocecal | between the ileum and the cecum |
ingestion | swallowing, eating |
linguogingival | pertaining to the gums and tongue |
lactase | enzyme that breaks down lactose |
lipase | enzyme that breaks down fat |
mastication | chewing |
nausea | feeling like one is going to vomit |
obesity | quality of being overweight |
occult | hidden |
pancreatectomy | excision of the pancreas |
pancreatic | pertaining to the pancreas |
pancreatolith | stone in the pancreas |
pancreatolysis | destruction of pancreatic tissue |
pancreatopathy | any disease of the pancreas |
paraesophageal | around the esophagus |
proctoclysis | irrigation of the rectum and anus |
proctologist | physician specialist in diseases of the anus and rectum |
proctopexy | fixation of a prolapsed anus and rectum |
proctoplegia | paralysis of the rectum and anus |
proctorrhaphy | suture of the anus and rectum |
proctoscope | instrument for examining the anus and rectum |
rectocele | herniation of the rectum |
rectoclysis | irrigation of the rectum |
rectocystotomy | incision into the urinary bladder through the rectum |
rectoplasty | surgical repair of the rectum |
rectoscope | instrument sued to examine the rectum |
rectourethral | pertaining to the rectum and urethra |
sigmoidoscope | instrument for examining the sigmoid and large colon |
splenectomy | excision of the spleen |
splenomegaly | enlarged spleen |
splenopathy | any disease of the spleen |
splenopexy | fixation of a prolapsed spleen |
splenoptosis | prolapsed spleen |
splenorrhagia | hemorrhage of the spleen |
stomatalgia | mouth pain |
stomatitis | inflammation of the mouth |
stomatomycosis | fungal condition of the mouth |
stomatopathy | any disease of the mouth |
stomatoplasty | surgical repair of the mouth |
stomatorrhagia | hemorrhage of the mouth |
stomatoscope | instrument used to examine the mouth |
ulcer | craterlike sore |