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Wrld Civil. AP Ch.4

World Civilizations- The Global Experience AP Edition

QuestionAnswer
Alexander the Great Student of Aristotle. Great Leader of Greece. Named many cities after himself-Alexandria. Conquered parts of Egypt, Macedonia, Persia, Modern day Turkey, Afghanistan, Iraq, Iran and further east.
Cyrus the Great In 550 BCE, ruler of the Persia. Established the Persian empire across northern Middle East and Northwestern India. Tolerant.
Zoroastrianism Religion that saw material existence as battle between forces of good and evil; stressed importance of moral choice; chief religion of Persia.
Olympic Games One of the pan-Hellenic (all of hellenic) rituals observed by all Greek city-states; involved athletic competitions and ritual celebrations.
Pericles Survived Persian invasion of Greece. Became one of Greece's best rulers. Ruled during 5th century. Ruled democratically.
Pelopponesian Wars 431-414 BCE. Wars between Sparta and Athens to determine chief city-state of Greece. No one won.
Philip II of Macedon won crucial battle in 338 bce. His son was Alexander the Great.
Hellenistic Period Time period in Greece when art was important and trade flourished.
Alexandria City in Egypt with worlds greatest library. Many cities conquered by Alexander the Great were named Alexandria.
Roman Republic Extended to Italy, including Greece. Ruled with 2 consuls, a senate, and a tribal council.
Punic Wars 264- 146 BCE. Roman wars against Carthage.
Carthage Ancient phoenician city. Carthaginians. Sacrificed babies.
Hannibal Survivor of Carthaginian annihilation. Attacked Rome from back side. Wiped out Italian peninsula.
Julius Caesar Became ruler after winning a civil war in 45 bce.
Augustus Caesar Grandnephew of Julius, seized power in 27 bce. Established basic structures of the Roman Empire.
Diocletian Roman emporer from 284-305 C.E Restored Rome by improved administration and tax collection.
Constantine Roman Emporer from 312- 337 BCE. Established second roman capital: Constantinople. Tried using religious force of christianity to unify empire.
Direct Democracy All decisions came from popular assembly with intermediation of elected representatives.
Senate A representative from each founding family.
Consuls The two roman leaders in a republic
Aristotle Student of Plato, teacher of Alexander the Great. Knowledge based on observation of phenomena.
Stoics Happiness is found in great achievement. Natural Law. Doing the right thing for the right reason.
Socrates Taught Plato. Believed in questioning in order to learn. Was killed because he caused youth to question their parents.
Plato Student of Socrates. Wrote Socrates' teachings down.
Sophocles Greek writer of tragedies.
Doric Less ornate architectural style.
Ionic Medium ornate architectura style.
Corinthian Very ornate architectural style.
Created by: MegRosie
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