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Chapter 1 Key terms
World Religions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Ancestor Veneration | The reverence or worship of ancestors |
| animism | animism Religion with beliefs that everything in nature is alive with an invisible spirit that gives each thing in nature its living impulse and power |
| apocryphal | Secondary texts not given by revelation but set forth by religious figures to be instructive for faith |
| apologetics | Writings that consists of the use of rational arguments in the defense of a particular faith tradition against skeptics and critics |
| belief | A cognitive affirmation or assertion that a given statement is true or that something is a matter of fact |
| canonical | Texts regarded by religious authorities as given by divine revelation |
| clergy | The class of trained religious professionals who perform religious rites for the people or on behalf of the people |
| cosmological argument | A line of reasoning to prove the existence of God; comes in two forms: Everything that moves is set in motion by something else, and every effect has a cause |
| creed | A confession of faith often recited in a liturgical service |
| deism | A form of theism that denies the claim that God works miracles by intervening in the laws of nature |
| doctrine | An official and authoritative teaching that guides the faith and practice of the members of a particular religion |
| dogma | A doctrine that is viewed as being above reproach and obligatory for believers |
| ethics | Norms or principles of virtue and character that pertain to moral duties, obligations, and rights that prescribe how humans ought to treat one another, animals, and our environment |
| faith | A belief that requires emotional commitment to invisible divine reality |
| fundamentalist interpretation | A method of interpreting scripture that tends toward selectivity, inflexibility, intolerance, and literalism |
| heretics | People who interpret scripture in radically novel ways that appear to undermine the basic teachings of the orthodox |
| interpretation | A method for understanding the meaning of a text |
| liberal interpretation | A method of interpreting scripture that uses a variety of methods and considers many forms of scripture, including myths, legends, parables, proverbs, to understand sacred texts |
| magic theory | Theory that postulates that the earliest form of religious practice consisted of the use of magic |
| monism | Belief that holds that all reality is of one kind of substance |
| monotheism | The doctrine or belief that there is only one God |
| mystical interpretation | A method of interpretation that tries to uncover and unveil hidden teachings in sacred texts |
| mystics | People who, through prayer, fasting, and self-denial, seek union with God |
| myth | Story that uses religious language to discuss the gods and the interactions between gods and human beings |
| norms | Rules governing the proper or accepted performance of actions |
| ontological argument | An argument that infers the necessary existence of God from the idea of God |
| original monotheism | Belief that holds that monotheism preceded polytheism |
| orthodox interpretation | Belief system that preserves the earliest historical beliefs and practices of the founders of their religion |
| polytheism | The view that there are many gods |
| profane | Everything that is not sacred |
| prophet | A person who speaks on behalf of God to the people |
| religious language | Language that plumbs the depths of human experience to give linguistic expression to the mystery and paradox of the unutterable |
| religious symbols | objects that function similarly to metaphors in that they employ natural objects or artifacts to signify abstract concepts or metaphysical objects of religious faith |
| reward | Something beneficial given as recognition of praiseworthy and meritorious actions |
| rites of passage | Rituals that celebrate important stages of human growth and development |
| rituals | Prescribed and predictable patterns of worship |
| sacred | Persons, places, animals, plants, or things that are viewed as holy or supernatural |
| scripture | Texts that define the beliefs and worship of a deity or many deities |
| shaman | A holy man or woman of a primal religion that serve as intermediaries between the human world and the spirit world |
| skepticism | An attitude of doubt regarding any knowledge of a topic |
| teleological argument | Theory that uses an analogy about the design and purpose of human made objects to explain the design and purpose in nature |
| theism | Belief system that maintains the general claim that God exists |
| theodicy | The rational attempt to solve the problem of evil or to justify God’s existence in the face of human suffering |
| theologians | Scholars who through their writings, teaching, and public speeches clarify the doctrines of a particular faith |
Created by:
BJHughes707
Popular Religion sets