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WorlD HiStory VOCaB!
LHS semester 2 vocab
| Vocab Word | Definition |
|---|---|
| capital | money or wealth used to invest in business or enterprise |
| entrepreneur | person who assumes financial risks in the hope of making a profit |
| Cottage Industry | a domestic system where a central agent contracts work to be completed in workshops or homes |
| Urbanization | movement of people to rural areas to cities |
| Tenement | multistory building divided into crowded apartments |
| Congress of Vienna | assembly of European leaders that met after the Napoleonic era to piece Europe back together and met from September 1814 to June 1815 |
| Utilitarianism | idea that the goal of society should be to bring about the greatest happiness for the greatest number of people |
| Socialism | system in which the people as a whole rather than private individuals own all property and operate all businesses; or a system in which the government controls part of the economy |
| Proletariat | working class |
| Bourgeoisie | the middle class |
| Communism | a form of socialism advocated by Karl Marx; where class struggle is inevitable and would lead to the creation of a classless society in which all wealth and property would be owned by the community as a whole |
| Karl Marx | author of The Communist Manifesto |
| Means of Production | farms, factories, railways,and other large businesses that produce and distribute goods |
| Ideology | system of thought and belief, value system or perspective |
| Labor Union | workers' organization |
| Realpolitik | realistic politics based on the needs of the state |
| Kaiser | emperor of Germany |
| Chancellor | the highest official of a monarch; prime minister |
| Annex | add a territory to an existing state or country |
| Reich | German Empire |
| Otto von Bismarck | 1st chancellor of the german empire from March 21 1871-March 20 1890 and unified German states into an empire |
| Entente | nonbinding agreement to follow common policies |
| Militarism | glorification of the military |
| Alsace and Lorraing | provinces on the border of Germany and France, lost by France to Germany in 1871, regained by France after WWI |
| Ultimatum | final set of demands |
| Mobilize | prepare military forces for war |
| neutrality | policy of supporting neither side in a war |
| Stalemate | deadlock in which neither side is able to defeat the other |
| Zeppelin | large gas-filled balloon |
| U-boat | German Submarine |
| Convoy | group of merchant ships protected by warships |
| Dardanelles | vital strait connecting the Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea in present-day Turkey |
| T. E. Lawrence | British Colonel known for his role in the Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Empire from 1916-18 |
| Total War | channeling of a nation's entire resources into a war effort |
| conscription | "the draft" which required all young men to be ready for military or other service |
| Contraband | During war-time, military supplies and raw materials needed to make military supplies that may legally be confiscated by any belligerent |
| Lusitania | British ocean liner sunk by U-boats on May 7 1915 |
| propaganda | spreading of ideas to promote a cause or to damage an opposing cause |
| Atrocity | horrible act committed against innocent people |
| Fourteen Points | list of terms for resolving World War I and future wars outlined by American President Woodrow Wilson in January 1918 |
| Self-determination | right of people to choose their own form of government |
| Armistice | agreement to end fighting in a war |
| Pandemic | spread of disease across a large area, country, continent, or the entire world |
| Reparations | payments for war damage or damage caused by imprisonment |
| Collective Security | system in which a group of nations acts as one to preserve the peace of all |
| Mandate | after World War I, a territory administered by a Western power |
| Proletariat | working class |
| Soviet | council of workers and soldiers set up by Russian revolutionaries in 1917 |
| Cheka | early Soviet secret police force |
| commissar | Communist party officials assigned to the army to teach party principles and ensure party loyalty during the Russian Revolution |
| Benito Mussolini | Fascist dictator of Italy 1925-1943 preceded by Victor Emmanuel III |
| Black Shirts | members of the militant combat squads of Italian Fascists set up under Mussolini |
| March on Rome | planned march of thousands of Fascist supporters to take control of Rome; in response Mussolini was given the legal right to control Italy |
| Totalitarian State | government in which a one-party dictatorship regulates every aspect of citizens lives |
| Fascism | centralized authoritarian government system that isn't communist whose policies glorify the state over the individual and are destructive to basic human rights |
| command economy | system in which government officials made all basic economic decisions |
| Collectives | large farms owned and operated by peasants as a group |
| Kulaks | wealthy peasant in the Soviet Union in the 1930s |
| Gulag | in the Soviet Union, a system of forced labor camps in which millions of criminals and political prisoners were held under Stalin |
| Socialist Realism | artistic style whose goal was to promote socialism by showing Soviet life in a positive light |
| Russification | making a nationality's culture more ethnically Russian |
| Atheism | belief that there is no god |
| Comintern | Communist International, international association of communist parties led by the Soviet Union for the purpose of encouraging world-wide communist revolution |
| Ruhr Valley | coal-rich industrial region of Germany |
| Third Reich |
Created by:
h_batchelor
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