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World Civ Mr. J Ch 7
Chapters 7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| King Charles I Hapsburg | Most powerful fuler of his time (HRE, Spain/its colonies,S Italy, Sicily, Netherlands |
| Peace of Augsburg | Religion of the Prince is the religion of the people |
| Philip II | Charles' son, "most Catholic king", ended Ottoman control of Med. Sea, halted spread of Protestantism in Spain by supporting the Spanish inquisition, Netherlands got independance, failed to restore Catholocism in England |
| Lepanto | Where Philip II defeated the Turks, last traditional naval battle in European history |
| Spanish Armada | Lost after trying to oust Queen Elizabeth I Tudor. The ships were too big, slow, poorly armed,limited communication (languages),inexperienced and over confident leadership, and fire barges and a "rotestant wind". |
| King James I Stuart | Elizabeth I Tudor's cousin. Unpopular b/c" he ruled w/o consulting Parliament, higher taxes and overspending, an alliance with Spain, Star Chamber Court, and he persecuted the Puritans |
| Charles I | James' son. Hated becasue he was Catholic and wanted to dissolve Parliament |
| Cavaliers | Pro Charles I, support from nobles and rural areas |
| Roundheads | Pro Parliament, support from the mid-class, Puritans |
| Oliver Cromwell | Leader of Roundhead Army, crushed revolt in Ireland, persecuted Irish Catholics, purged Parliament of opposition and became military dictator, imposed strict puritan rule. |
| Naseby | Decisive victory of the New Model Army, led by Cromwell |
| St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre | Thousands of leading Protestants wee murdered. |
| War of the Three Henry's | Violent struggle between Catholic/Protestant forces in France |
| King Henry IV Bourbon | Winner of the War of Three Henry's War, converted to Catholocism |
| Edict of Nantes | Reform from King Henry IV Bourbon that granted Protestants religious toleration |
| Defenstration of Prague | Started the Thirty Years War in Germany when Protestant nobles in the HRE rebelled against the Habsburt HREmperors |
| Peace of Westphalia | Ended the Thirty Years War in Germany and granted the 300+ territories of the HRE their virtual independence |
| Gustavus Adolphus | 'Lion of the North' brought about a military revolution after the German Thirty Years War |
| Theory of Divine Right | Supported royal power. Told that kings were chosen by God to rule, and thus their rule was limited by God's judgment only. |
| Absolute Monarchies | Gov'ts that used the theory of divine right. Best example was France |
| Cardinal Richelieu | Louis XIII left state affairs to this Chief Minister. He strengthened the crown by hiring pro servants or 'intendants' to run the bureaucracy. He limited political/military rights of French Protestants, weakened the Habsburg ring w/ victory of 30yr war |
| King Louis XIV Bourbon | During his reign, absolutism was at it's peak. AKA the Sun King. Goals: Make the King supreme in France, make France supreme in Europe |
| Palace of Versaille | Built by King Louis XIV Bourbon to symbolize his power and authority |
| J.B. Colbert | Appointed by Louis XIV Bourbon as chief finance minister to pursue mercantilist policies. |
| War of Spanish Succession | War fought by the French to unite the Spanish and French. It failed. |
| Hapsburgs | Dynasty in Austria |
| Hohenzollerns | Dynasty in Prussia |
| Ivan IV 'The Terrible' | Absolutism emerged under him. He crushed the power of the rebellious boyars (nobles), extended Russia's borders into Siberia. Russia was still a backwars state trapped in the Dark Ages |
| Boyars | Nobles |
| Michael Romanov | Brought the 'Time of Troubles' to an end when he was chosen as the new czar in 1613. It was Russia's final and logest-lasting dynasty |
| Peter 'The Great' | Transformed Russia into a strong, modern state. He gained power after a struggle vs his half sister Sophia and the Royal Guard (Streltsy) |
| Sophia (Peter's half sister) | Ugly girl that went into a power struggle vs. her half brother Peter 'the great'. She lost. |
| Streltsy | Royal Guard in Russia that fought with Sophia against Peter 'the great'. They lost. |
| Peter 'The Great''s Domestic Policy | Main Goal:Modernize and westernize Russia. He Toured and studied Europe, Imposed Western dress and customs on the boyars, improved status of upper-class women, brought the orthodox church under his control, persued mrcntilism (built navy),modernized army |
| Charles XII | Fought against Peter in the Great Northern War. He won early, but lost the overall war. |
| Poltava | Battle of the Great Northern War that won Peter the war. |
| Treaty of Nyastadt | Treaty that ended the Great NOrthern War. It gave Russia land on the Baltic where Peter built St. Petersburg. |
| Constitutional Monarchies | Form of gov't where the power of the monarch was limited. Best example is England after Cromwell. |
| Union of Lublin | Incorporated Lithuania into Poland. This made Poland the largest and most democratic state in 1569 |
| John Sobieski | Lifted the Turkish siege of Vienna in 1683 |
Created by:
rockboys2
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