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Flashcards Unit 6
Unit 6 1914-1990 Flashcards
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cold War | 1947-1991; Began due to political differences after WWII between Russia and America. Russia wanted to spread communism and to dominate Eater Europe, while the US wanted to prevent the spread of communism. Closest to almost starting a nuclear war. |
| NATO | Formed in 1949, stands for North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Made up of the US, Canada and other European nations. |
| Warsaw Pact | Formed in 1955, made up of countries under the communist control of the USSR, as a response to the formation of NATO. Countries included Romania, Hungary, Bulgaria, Poland, etc. |
| Korean War | 1950-1953; South Korea (aided by US) vs North Korea (aided by China and USSR) Began with the North invading the South, ends in stalemate. Is the result of the division of the Korean peninsula by an agreement by the Allies after the Pacific War |
| Domino Theory | The idea that if a country turns to communism, neighboring countries would become communist as well. |
| Berlin Crisis | After World War II, Germany was split into 4 by Britain, France, Russia and the US. Later the French, British and American territories merged and divided Germany into East and West Germany. |
| Sputnik I | The first satellite to be put into Earth's orbit, by the Soviet Union. It marked the start for the Space Age, and prompted the formation of America's NASA to compete with it. |
| World War I | The world's first full scale global war, from 1914 to 1918. It was also called the Great War, or the first Modern War with the introduction of modern and advanced technology/weapons. |
| World War II | The second full scale global war, also known as the Second World War, from 1939 to 1945. Allies vs Axis Powers |
| Vietnam War | Communist North Vietnam (supported by Communist Russia) vs. South Vietnam (supported by USA) |
| Fascism | New political ideology of the 1920's. Sought loyalty of individuals to the service of the state. Hostile to socialism and communism, as well as liberal democracies. |
| Nationalism | An important force that had people under the control of imperialist nations to strive for their own identities and gain independence. New nations began popping up in Africa, Southeast Asia and the Indian subcontinent. |
| The Great Depression | Late 1920's-1940's; The American Stock Market and economy crashes. Investors invest beyond their means and stock prices drop drastically. Leads to mass unemployment, affects many other countries as well. |
| Cuban Revolution | A communist revolution by Fidel Castro, lasting from 1953 to 1959. It pushed Batista out and was replaced with Castro's gov't. Reformed as a communist nation, and became the present Communist Party of Cuba in 1965. |
| Communism in Russia | The Soviet Union/USSR was a communist country/regime that rose to power during World War I, after several civil wars and policies to change the economy. |
| Socialism | An economic system characterized by a classless society, work according to skill and needs, and the goal that everyone would be equal, with no government, no rich or poor . |
| Berlin Wall | Built in 1961, it was the Soviet's attempt to prevent refugees from East Germany from fleeing into West Germany. It was torn down in 1989, and the event is commonly referred as the Fall of the Berlin Wall. |
| Joseph Stalin | (1879-1953); The unchallenged dictator of the Soviet Union by eliminating rivals by 1928. Also known as the "Man of Steel". Favored socialism in one country rather than internationally. |
| Totalitarianism | When a government aims to control the lives of their citizens through political, economic, social, intellectual, and cultural means. |
| The Holocaust | Infamous slaughter of about 5.7 million Jews (and other "undesirables") in Europe. Jews were placed into concentration camps, and in Auschwitz alone at least one million Jews died. |
| Containment | A term/policy for America's various strategies to prevent the spread of communism. |
| Genocide | The deliberate means to exterminate a national, political, racial, or cultural group. |
| Adolf Hitler | (1889-1945); Austrian born German Nazi who lead the Nazi party. Hated Jews and Marxists, and attempted to get rid of the Jewish race/society. |
| Appeasement | A policy aimed at avoiding war by satisfying demands. |
| Treaty of Versailles | A peace treaty at the end of World War I. Ended the war between Germany and the Allies. Took land away from Germany and restricted various laws and military rights. Germany had no choice but to sign it, as the Allies would invade Germany if they opposed. |
| Mohandas Ghandi | (1869-1948); Leader of Indian nationalism. Developed the technique of passive resistance and lead various movements which lead to India's independence from Great Britain. Was assassinated. |
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