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Unit 4 Outline
Unit 4: The Acceleration of Cross-Cultural Interaction, 1000 to 1500 C.E.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Pastoralists | The Nomadic people of the Nomadic and Eurasian Empires were sheep or cattle farmers. Livestock were herded in order to find fresh pastures for them to graze. (The lands were not fit for agriculture) |
| Buddhism, Nestorian Christianity, and Manichaeism | The three religions converted from shamans by the 6th century and Islam by the 10th |
| Genghis (Chinggis) Khan (1206) | Born as Temujin and renamed Great Khan; he unified the Mongols by uniting many of the nomadic tribes of northeast Asia. He was the founder of the Mongol Empire, which became the largest contiguous empire in history after his death. |
| Khanate of the Great Khan | Khubilai (Qubilai) Khan extended Mongol rule to all of China, establishing the Yuan dynasty in 1368. a Turco-Mongol-originated word used to describe a political entity ruled by a Khan. One of four regions from conquered lands of Genghis Khan. |
| The Golden Horde | A Mongol Khanate established in the 13th century and formed the north-western sector of the Mongol Empire. Maintained hegemony in Russia until the 15th century. One of four regions from conquered lands of Genghis Khan. |
| The Ilkhanate of Persia | Hulegu toppled the Abbasid empire, establishing the ilkhanate in 1258. One of four regions from conquered lands of Genghis Khan. |
| Khanate of Chaghatai | comprised the lands ruled by Chagatai Khan, second son of Genghis Khan, and his descendents and successors. One of four regions from conquered lands of Genghis Khan. Became fully independent from Mongol Empire. |
| Mehmed the Conqueror | Sultan of Ottoman Empire. Captured Constantinople (renamed Istanbul), eventually absorbing the Byzantine Empire |
| Tamerlane | Ruled in Persia (expanding to Southeast Asia) after the Ming Dynasty regained the control over China |
| Kingdom of Kongo | African kingdom located in west central Africa. Was the most prosperous and participated in trade; centralized ruling. |
| The Kingdom of Ghana | It became the dominant center for trade in gold, ivory and slaves. Trade produced an increasing surplus, allowing larger urban cities. Encouraged territorial expansion to gain control over trade routes. |
| Sundiata | Built the Mali Empire in the 13th century after the collapse of the Kingdom of Ghana. |
| Byzantine Empire | Collapsed after Anatolia was taken by the Saljuqs (Turkish nomads) and Constantinople was captured by the Ottoman Turks in 1453 |
| Otto of Saxony | Was proclaimed emperor in 962, thus creating the Holy Roman Empire |
| Nobleman Hugh Capet | King of France; his descendants would become the Capetian kings who centralized power and authority over France |
| The Crusades (Holy Wars) | Normandy: expansion of kingdoms led to cultural and religious conflicts which resulted in a large-scale exchange of ideas, technologies, and trade goods |
| Toltecs | Brought Mexico under unified rule after the fall of the Teotihuacan |
| Mexica | Founded in Central Mexico; overthrew neighboring societies and formed the Aztec Empire in the 15th century |
| Chucuito | Ruled the highlands in the 12th century; Chimu (Chimor) ruled the lowlands in the 10th century |
| Incan Empire | Established in the 15th century, stretching 2500 miles with a population of 11.5 million. A central government was built at the Aztec capital of Cuzco |
| Marco Polo | Travelled from Venice to China and back, encouraging European interaction with China. |
| Seven Year's War | Caused by the expansion by trade which resulted in cultural conflicts within Europe. It set the stage for British expansion and future domination of trade in Europe. |
| Protestant Reformation (16th century) and The Catholic Reformation | Eliminated Europe's unity under the Roman Catholic church; steps taken in to stop the abuses of the church and reinforce standards of morality and education. |
| The Enlightenment and the Scientific Revolution | Led to developments in psychology, philosophy, and human nature; and also redefined human physiology, astronomy, and physics. |
| The Treaty of Tordesillas | divided South America between the Portuguese and Spanish in 1494 |
Created by:
erinkim014
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