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World Civ since 1500
world civilizations since 1500 chapters 29-33
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Balfour Declaration | a statement that supported the idea of a jewish homeland in Palestine |
| Kibbutz | a Jewish collective farm on which each member shared equally in the work, rewards, and defense |
| May Fouth Movemennt | Chinese nationalist movement against foreign imperialists thet began as a student protest |
| New Culture Movement | an intellectual revolution that attacked traditional Chinese culture and promotes Western ideas of science,democracy, and individualism |
| Long March | 6000 mile march by the Chinese Communist army to the northwestern border of China |
| New Deal | Roosevelt's plan to reform capatalism through forceful government intervention in the economy |
| Totalitarianism | a radical dictator that controlled every aspect of life and government |
| Fascism | a movement characterized by extreme nationalism, antisocialism, a dynamic and violent leader, and glorification of war and military |
| Five-Year Plan | modernize the Soviet Union and generate a Communist society with new attitudes, loyalities, and socialist humanity |
| New Economic Policy (NEP) | policy reestablishing limited economic freedom in an attempt to rebuild agriculture and industry in the face of economic disintegration |
| Collectivization | Stalin's forcible consolidation of individual pesant farms into large, state-controlled enterprises |
| Black Shirts | private army under Mussolini that destroyed Socialist newspapers, union halls, and Socialist Party headquarters |
| Nazism | movement born of extreme nationalism and racism |
| Blitzkrieg | "lightening warefare" using planes, tanks, and trucks to take out the enemy quickly |
| New Order | hitler's program based on guiding principals of radical imperialism |
| Holocaust | the attempted systematic extermination of all European Jews and "undesirables" |
| Europe First Policy | policy to get rid of the German (world) threat in Europe first then fight Japan in the East |
| Truman Doctrine | US containment policy of communism to areas already held by the Red Army |
| Marshall Plan | American plan for providing economic aid to Europe to help it rebuild |
| NATO | North Atlantic Treaty Orginazition anti-Soviet military alliance of Western nations |
| Common Market | European economic community, first attempt at the European Union |
| OPEC | Arab led organization of countries that exported oil that helps set policies and prices on its trade |
| Brezhnev Doctrine | Soviet Union had the right to intervene in any socialist country whenever it saw the need |
| Perestroika | free-market goal; gave more freedom in the market than there had been |
| Glasnost | free-speech goal; open criticism of the communist party would not warrant death |
| Solidarity | a free democratic Polish trade union that worked for the rights of workers and political reform |
| "Japan, Inc" | nickname used to describe the intricate relationship of Japan's business world and government |
| European Union (EU) | an ecomomic and political biance of 27 European natioins: same currency and trade system |
| Great Leap Forward | acceleration of Chinese development in which industrial growth was to be based on small-scale backyard workshops run by peasants |
| Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution | a movement that attempted to purge the Chinese Communist Party of bureaucrats |
| Red Guards | radical cadres who would attack anyone who opposed the Chinese Communist Party or Chairman Mao |
| Tiananmen Square | site of Chinese student revolt at which Communists imposed martial law and arrested, injured, or killed hundreds of students |
| Muslim League | the rival of the Indian National Congress, it argued for a seperate homeland for Muslims and Indians |
| Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) | union of Palestinian refugee groups opposed to Israel and working toward Palestinian home rule |
| Intifada | uprising of young Palestinians against Israeli rule |
| Economic Nationalism | Latin American countries who wanted to end neocolonialism and get Western European and American influences out of their economies |
| Pan-Africanists | people who promoted the solidarity of all blacks and who pushed for an eventual self-governing union |
| Cocoa Holdups | Gold Coast producers of cocoa beans who sold directly to European and American chocolate factories cuttiong out the British middleman |
| National Liberation Front | victorious anti-colonial group in Algeria |
| Apartheid | seperation of white Afrikaners and black Africans in South Africa |
| African National Congress (ANC) | group of black South Africans who fought against white supremecy |
| What was the importance of Mohandas Gandhi? | - Led the Indian National Congress toward self-government -Made the INC into a mass political party |
| What were the causes of the Great Depression? | -Stock Market Collapse in 1929 -The US was giving money to Germany to pay for all the reparations from WWI. -Farm prices fell -Rising unemployment |
| What aggressive actions did Adolf Hitler take before World War II? | -Murdered his potential rivals -Anti-Semitism based on race -Kristallnacht – synagogues attacked -Sent armed forces into the Rhineland -Sent troops into Austria -Demanded the Sudetenland from Czechoslovakia |
| How did President Truman defend his use of the atomic bomb? | -He didn’t have a lot of options -It was to end the war and stop the ending of lives -The Japanese wouldn’t have stopped -Also showed off the military power and intelligence |
| What was the Holocaust? | -The attempted systematic extermination of all European Jews and other "undesirables" -The final solution to the Jewish problem -Concentration Camps |
| Describe the contribution of Soviet Russia to Allied victory in World War II. | -Took out the Eastern front -Soviet fought from Stalingrad to Berlin -Lost the most lives |
| What was the COld War? | - Hostility between Soviet Union and U.S. based on differences in ideology and national interests -Nuclear Arms race -Had a race to get into space first (Space Race) -Containment of communism by the Americans |
| What was the significance of Mikhail Gorbachev? | -Began the most remarkable changes in the Soviet Union since the 1920s -Perestroika: free market -Glasnost: free speech, openness -Dismantled 2,000 missiles -Collapse of Communism |
| When looking at population growth rates, what is the major problem that both Western Europe and Japan face? | -Few workers to support the welfare state -Population growth: leveling off -Immigration: social tension |
| What was the importance of President Lyndon Johnson? | -Civil Rights Act -Unconditional war on poverty |
| What was the importance of the 1954 Supreme Court decision of Brown v. Board of Education? | -Segration in Public Schools was unconstitutional -Intergration at Public Schools |
| What was "the second opening" of Japan? | -After WWII they demilitarized and democratized the entire country -New constitution: parliamentary system and basic rights -Allowed American economic aid |
| What was the importance of Deng Xiaoping in China? | -More typical communist party rule |
| Why was India divided at independence in 1947? | -Cause the Muslim league feared Hindu Domination in an independent India -(Basically Muslims didn’t like Hindus) |
| How does Fidel Castro evaluate U.S. foreign policy? | -He says that the US trained all the armies -He believed that the US was too involved in other countries affairs |
| What is the importance of Nelson Mandela? | -He was the leader of the African National Congress -He was the first democratically ellected Presidentin South Africa |
| What was the importance of Ho Chi Minh? | -Fought against the Japanese -National hero to many -Proclaimed Vietnamese independence -National leader in the guerrilla warfare |
| Discuss the success of the American containment policy in Korea and Vietnam | -Korea:work as well as it could have, divided into two nations, no call for nationalism -Vietnam: tried to impose ideas that worked in Korea on Vietnam, but there was a call for nationalism, person in charge went against religion, religion only Buddhism |
Created by:
jgingery
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