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ancient greece mr b
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Minoans | to the ancient civilization of the island of Crete, dating from about 3000 to 1100 b.c. |
| democracy | government by the people; a form of government in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised directly by them or by their elected agents under a free electoral system. |
| assassinate | to kill suddenly or secretively, especially a politically prominent person; murder premeditatedly and treacherously. |
| barbarian | a person in a savage, primitive state; uncivilized person. |
| Olympics | Also called Olympian Games . the greatest of the games or festivals of ancient Greece, held every four years in the plain of Olympia in Elis, in honor of Zeus. |
| Corinthian | of, pertaining to, or characteristic of Corinth. |
| tragedy | a dramatic composition, often in verse, dealing with a serious or somber theme, typically that of a great person destined through a flaw of character or conflict with some overpowering force, as fate or society, to downfall or destruction. |
| epic | noting or pertaining to a long poetic composition, usually centered upon a hero, in which a series of great achievements or events is narrated in elevated style: Homer's Iliad is an epic poem. |
| Euclid | 3rd century bc , Greek mathematician of Alexandria; author of Elements, which sets out the principles of geometry and remained a text until the 19th century at least |
| hoplites | a heavily armed foot soldier of ancient Greece. |
| Achillies | the greatest Greek warrior in the Trojan War and hero of Homer's Iliad. He killed Hector and was killed when Paris wounded him in the heel, his one vulnerable spot, with an arrow. |
| phalanx | (in ancient Greece) a group of heavily armed infantry formed in ranks and files close and deep, with shields joined and long spears overlapping. |
| Salamis | an island off the SE coast of Greece, W of Athens, in the Gulf of Aegina: Greeks defeated Persians in a naval battle |
| Persia | Also called Persian Empire. an ancient empire located in W and SW Asia: at its height it extended from Egypt and the Aegean to India; conquered by Alexander the Great 334–331 b.c. |
| plague | an epidemic disease that causes high mortality; pestilence. |
| xenophobia | an unreasonable fear or hatred of foreigners or strangers or of that which is foreign or strange. |
| monarchy | supreme power or sovereignty held by a single person. |
| aristocarcy | government by those considered to be the best or most able people in the state. |
| Myceneans | denoting or pertaining to the ancient civilization at Mycenae, dating from c2000 to c1100 b.c. |
| Peloponnese | a peninsula forming the S part of Greece: seat of the early Mycenaean civilization and the powerful city-states of Argos, Sparta, |
| titans | any of the offspring of the children of Uranus and Gaea. |
| Parthenon | the temple of Athena Parthenos on the Acropolis at Athens, completed c438 b.c. by Ictinus and Callicrates and decorated by Phidias: regarded as the finest Doric temple. |
| Iliad | a Greek epic poem describing the siege of Troy, ascribed to Homer. |
| Socrates | ?470--399 bc , Athenian philosopher, whose beliefs are known only through the writings of his pupils Plato and Xenophon. |
| Xerxes | 519?–465 b.c., king of Persia 486?–465 (son of Darius I). |
| Agamemnon | a king of Mycenae, a son of Atreus and brother of Menelaus. He led the Greeks in the Trojan War and was murdered by Clytemnestra, his wife, upon his return from Troy. |
| Priam | a king of Troy, the son of Laomedon, husband of Hecuba, and father of Paris, Cassandra, Hector, Polyxena, and many others. He was killed during the capture of Troy. |
| drama | a composition in prose or verse presenting in dialogue or pantomime a story involving conflict or contrast of character, especially one intended to be acted on the stage; a play. |
| Macedonia | an ancient kingdom in the Balkan Peninsula, in S Europe: now a region in N Greece, SW Bulgaria, and the Republic of Macedonia |
| Pericles | ?495--429 bc , Athenian statesman and leader of the popular party, who contributed greatly to Athens' political and cultural supremacy in Greece. |
| Archimedes | 287?–212 b.c., Greek mathematician, physicist, and inventor: discovered the principles of specific gravity and of the lever. |
| immortal | not liable to perish or decay; imperishable; everlasting. |
| odyssey | an epic poem attributed to Homer, describing Odysseus's adventures in his ten-year attempt to return home to Ithaca after the Trojan War. |
| Hellenistic | of or pertaining to the Greeks or their language, culture, etc., after the time of Alexander the Great, when Greek characteristics were modified by foreign elements. |
| Troy | The ancient city inhabited by the Trojans; the site of the legendary Trojan War of classical mythology. The ruins of Troy were found in the nineteenth century in the western part of what is now Turkey. |
| Athens | A leading city of ancient Greece, famous for its learning, culture, and democratic institutions. The political power of Athens was sometimes quite limited, however, especially after its defeat by Sparta in the Peloponnesian War. |
| Doric | One of the three main styles of Greek architecture (the others are Corinthian and Ionic). The Doric column is heavy and fluted; its capital is plain. |
| agora | the Agora, the chief marketplace of Athens, center of the city's civic life. |
| Homer | c. 800 bc , Greek poet to whom are attributed the Iliad and the Odyssey. Almost nothing is known of him, but it is thought that he was born on the island of Chios and was blind |
| Plato | Greek philosopher: with his teacher Socrates and his pupil Aristotle, he is regarded as the initiator of western philosophy. |
| Darius | 558?–486? b.c., king of Persia 521–486. |
| Menelaus | Menelaus , in Greek mythology, king of Sparta, son of Atreus. He was the husband of Helen, father of Hermione, and younger brother of Agamemnon. |
| city-state | a sovereign state consisting of an autonomous city with its dependencies. |
| amphitheater | an oval or round building with tiers of seats around a central open area, as those used in ancient Rome for gladiatorial contests. |
| Alexander | 356--323 bc , king of Macedon, who conquered Greece (336), Egypt (331), and the Persian Empire (328), and founded Alexandria |
| columns | a rigid, relatively slender, upright support, composed of relatively few pieces. b. a decorative pillar, most often composed of stone and typically having a cylindrical or polygonal shaft with a capital and usually a base. |
| Knossos | a ruined city in N central Crete: remains of the Minoan Bronze Age civilization |
| tribute | a gift, testimonial, compliment, or the like, given as due or in acknowledgment of gratitude or esteem. |
| tyranny | arbitrary or unrestrained exercise of power; despotic abuse of authority. |
| acropolis | the citadel or high fortified area of an ancient Greek city. |
| Sparta | an ancient city in S Greece: the capital of Laconia and the chief city of the Peloponnesus, at one time the dominant city of Greece: famous for strict discipline and training of soldiers. |
| Marathon | 1896, marathon race, from story of Gk. hero Pheidippides, who ran the 26 miles and 385 yards to Athens from the Plains of Marathon to tell of the allied Greek victory there over Persian army, 490 B.C.E. |
| Ionian | a member of one of the four main divisions of the prehistoric Greeks who invaded the Greek mainland and, after the Dorian invasions, emigrated to the Aegean islands and the coast of Asia Minor. |
| diffusion | prolixity of speech or writing; discursiveness |
| Aristotle | 384--322 bc , Greek philosopher; pupil of Plato, tutor of Alexander the Great, and founder of the Peripatetic school at Athens; author of works on logic, ethics, politics, poetics, rhetoric, biology, zoology, and metaphysics. |
| helots | a member of the lowest class in ancient Laconia, constituting a body of serfs who were bound to the land and were owned by the state |
| Hector | the eldest son of Priam and husband of Andromache: the greatest Trojan hero in the Trojan War, killed by Achilles. |
| Philip | 382–336 BC, was an ancient Greek king ( basileus) of Macedon from 359 BC until his assassination in 336. He was the father of Alexander the Great, Philip III and possibly Ptolemy I, the founder of the Ptolemaic dynasty in Egypt. |
| Thermopylae | narrow pass between the mountains and the sea linking Locris and Thessaly |
| blockade | the isolating, closing off, or surrounding of a place, as a port, harbor, or city, by hostile ships or troops to prevent entrance or exit. |
| peninsula | an area of land almost completely surrounded by water except for an isthmus connecting it with the mainland. |
| philosopher | a person who offers views or theories on profound questions in ethics, metaphysics, logic, and other related fields. |
| trireme | a galley with three rows or tiers of oars on each side, one above another, used chiefly as a warship. |
| Zeus | the supreme deity of the ancient Greeks, a son of Cronus and Rhea, brother of Demeter, Hades, Hera, Hestia, and Poseidon, and father of a number of gods, demigods, and mortals; the god of the heavens |
| Posiedian | the ancient Greek god of the sea, with the power to cause earthquakes, identified by the Romans with Neptune. |
| Hades | The Greek and Roman god of the underworld and the ruler of the dead. Also called Dis. The underworld itself was also known to the Greeks as Hades. |
| Crete | Sea of, a part of the S Aegean Sea lying between the Cyclades Islands and Crete. |
| Thera | a Greek island in the S Aegean, in the Cyclades group. 30 sq. mi. (78 sq. km). |
| Alexandria | a seaport in N Egypt, in the Nile delta: founded in 332 b.c. by Alexander the Great; ancient center of learning. |
| aegean sea | an arm of the Mediterranean Sea between Greece and Turkey |
| black sea | a sea between Europe and Asia, bordered by Turkey, Romania, Bulgaria, Ukraine, Georgia, and the Russian Federation |
| Mt Olympus | Mount, a mountain in NE Greece, on the boundary between Thessaly and Macedonia: mythical abode of the greater Grecian gods. |
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