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Religious: Islam
Islam Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Abbasids | Classical Muslim dynasty ruling at Baghdad, eighth tp thirteenth centuries C.E. |
| Abu Bakr | companion of the Prophet Muhammad and first caliph (d. 634) |
| Al-Ghazali | great thinker (1058-1111 C.E.) who synthesized orthodox Islamic thought and sufism. |
| 'Ali | nephew and son-in-law of he Prophet Muhammad |
| Allah | "the G-d"; Quranic designation for the one G-d. |
| caliph | "deputy", also successor to the Prophet Muhammad as leader of Islam |
| Dar-al Harb | "abode of warfare" |
| Dar al-Islam | "abode of Islam"; territories of te ummah under Muslim control, whereas the rest of the world is the Dar al-Harb |
| Da'wah | missionary activities directed toward spreading Islam |
| Dhikr | "rememberance"; spirtual exercises in Sufism focusing the consciousness on G-d |
| Five Pillars | required muslim rituals of serving G-d: Shahadah (confession), Salat (prayer), Zakat (alms-giving), Sawm (fasting), and Hajj (pilgrimage) |
| Hadith | a saying or tradition of the Prophet Muhammad transmitted through a trustworthy souce chain of reporters; the collection of hadiths |
| Hagar | wife of Abraham, mother of Ishmael, and ancestress of the muslims |
| Hajj | annual pilgramige to Mecca |
| Haram | forbidden, such as certain actions or food |
| Hidden Imam | in Shi'ism, the last Imam (successor to Muhammad) who disappeared into a state of occulation and will return in the future |
| Hijra | emigration of the Prophet Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to Medina in 622 C.E. |
| Husayn | son of 'Ali, killed at Karbalah (680); considred by Shi'ites as an Imam (successor to the Prophet muhammad) and a great martyr |
| 'id | "feast" or festival in Islam; the two major fesvals are 'Id al-adha (feast of sacrifice)during te Hajj month and 'Id al-fitr (feast of breaking the Ramadan Fast) |
| ihram | state of ritual purity and consecration appropriate for entering the sacred precints of Mecca on the Hajj |
| Ijima' | "consensis"; for formulating Muslim law, consensus among the legal sccholars is necessary |
| ijtihad | independent legal reasoning in Islam; one who does this is a mujtaid |
| imam | Islamic scholar and leader, especially in ritual prayer; for Shi'ites, the proper successos to the Prophet are called Imams |
| Iman | "faith", complete certitude about the truth of Islam |
| Ishmael | son of Abraham and Hagar, ancestr of the Muslims |
| Isnad | the chain of transmitters for a particular hadith in Islam |
| Jihad | "striving" for religious perfecin anmd for G-ds cause inclidong bearing arms in defense of Islam if necessary |
| Judgment Day | the day on which G-d will judge all according to their deeds |
| Ka'bah | the cube-shaped stone shrine in the Great Mosque at mecca, focal point of prayer and pilgramige for muslims |
| Kafir | an unbeliever, in Islamic terms |
| Khadija | the first wife of the prophet muhammad |
| Kharijites | "seceders"; strict moralistic sect of early Muslims |
| mihrab | niche in the mosque wall indicating the direction to Mecca |
| minbar | pulpit from which the sermon is given during the froday prayer in the Islamic mosque |
| mosque (masjid) | place |
Created by:
samantha.hamilton
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