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10th WH TAKS
terms to study for the 10th grade World History TAKS test (Texas)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| John Locke | an enlightenment thinker to influence the Declaration of Independence with “natural rights”. |
| Lief Erikson | one of the earliest people to discover North America. I founded Newfoundland as a trading post. |
| Jamestown | The first colony in America, founded in 1607 |
| Lexington and Concord | I was the “shot heard ‘round the world.” |
| Stamp Act | a tax raised on any printed item in the colonies |
| Townshend Act | an external tax on imports in the colonies that was later repealed. |
| Sons of Liberty | the colonial organization who threw 342 cases of tea into the Boston Harbor. |
| Boston Massacre | happened in 1770 when British troops fired upon and killed 5 colonists. |
| Proclamation of 1763 | a provision passed in 1763 that would not allow British colonists in North America settle any further west than the Appalachian Mountains. |
| Declaratory Act | an act that claimed England had the power to create any law for the colonies. |
| Patrick Henry | pushed for independence in my speech |
| Unalienable Rights | Rights that cannot be taken away. “Life |
| 1st Continental Congress | met in 1174 to discuss unfair mandates and high taxes. |
| Paul Revere | rode a horse to warn the people in Lexington that the British were coming |
| Intolerable Acts | a series of separate laws passed by the British government for strict enforcement of taxes and control (the most notable was the Quartering Act) |
| Sugar Act | a tax raised on items like molasses that England claimed would cover the cost for colonial defense. |
| Declaration of Independence | written primarily by Thomas Jefferson |
| Thomas Paine | wrote Common Sense |
| Alexander Hamilton | primary author of the Federalist Papers |
| Articles of Confederation | the first Constitution of the U.S. I was created with a weak central authority because the people of the new country were worried the government would be too big. |
| Popular Sovereignty | the belief that the people hold all the power. |
| New Jersey Plan | plan for the Constitution in which every state would have the same amount of representatives in one house of the legislature. |
| George Washington | the First president of the United States |
| Second Continental Congress | originally took place to revise the Articles of Confederation. I wrote a new constitution instead. |
| Limited Government | the fundamental belief that the Constitution is set up to prevent an all powerful government. |
| Executive Branch | the branch of government that is headed up by the president. |
| Louisiana Purchase | 1803 |
| Legislative Branch | the branch of government called Congress. |
| Virginia Plan | written by James Madison to promote the idea of a bicameral legislature |
| Connecticut Compromise | proposed by Roger Sherman of Connecticut to combined the Virginia and New Jersey Plan. |
| Federalism | the belief that the power is divided between the state and national governments. |
| James Watt | Built the first reliable steam engine |
| Judicial Branch | the branch of government that interprets laws and settles disputes. |
| Separation of Powers | the Constitutional idea that there is a system of checks and balances. |
| Republicanism | the idea that the will of the people can be expressed by elected representatives. |
| Uncle Tom’s Cabin | written in 1852. I showed the evils of slavery |
| Sectionalism | the concept that different parts of America have different economic means. |
| Missouri Compromise | a law passed to outlaw slavery in the U.S. above an imaginary line. |
| Dred Scott Decision | a court decision that determined slaves were property of their owners even in a free state. |
| Nullification Crisis | led by John C. Calhoun and the Southern states to nullify (get rid of) federal taxes. tried to prove that states rights superseded (came before) federal rights. |
| Fugitive Slave Act | passed in 1850 to make Northern federal agents return escaped slaves to their owners in the South. |
| Eli Whitney | built the cotton gin and interchangeable parts. |
| John Brown | an abolitionist that led a raid of 17 people on an arsenal at Harper’s Ferry. |
| Andrew Jackson | the president that approved the Indian Removal Act. |
| Kansas-Nebraska Act | a law that allowed people in Kansas and Nebraska to determine slavery or non-slavery. |
| Trail of Tears | the journey the Native Americans took to Oklahoma where 4000 people died. |
| Monroe Doctrine | I was a doctrine that prevented European nations from interfering in the affairs of any country in North or South America. |
| 13th amendment | the amendment that freed southern slaves and abolished slavery. |
| South Carolina | the first state to secede from the Union. |
| 14th amendment | the amendment that guaranteed equal citizenship for former slaves. |
| Fort Sumter | the first battle of the Civil War. |
| John Wilkes Booth | the man that assassinated President Lincoln in a theater |
| Gettysburg Address | a great speech given by President Lincoln |
| 15th Amendment | the amendment that guarantees suffrage (right to vote) for all former slaves. What am I? |
| Robert E. Lee | the general of the Confederate Army. |
| Appomattox Courthouse | where the final terms of surrender were signed by Lee and Grant |
| Emancipation Proclamation | the proclamation signed by Lincoln that freed the slaves. |
| Reconstruction | the process of rebuilding the nation after the Civil War. |
| Compromise of 1850 | allowed the people in each state to vote on if it would be a free state or a slave state |
| Fugitive Slave Act | federal agents had to return fugitive slaves back to their owners or face a fine. |
| 1861 | the year the Civil War started |
| 1865 | the year the Civil War ended |
| 1st amendment | right to free religion |
| 2nd amendment | right to bear arms |
| 3rd amendment | right not to house soldiers in civilian homes |
| 4th amendment | right to protection from unreasonable search and seizures |
| 5th amendment | right to know the reason for arrest and right to refuse to testify against yourself in court (“I plead the 5th!) |
| 6th amendment | right to a speedy trial by jury |
| 7th amendment | right to trial by jury |
| 8th amendment | protection from cruel and unusual punishment |
| 9th amendment | rights not listed in the constitution are automatically given to the people |
| 10th amendment | rights not listed as powers of the federal government are given to the state governments |
| Napoleon Bonaparte | French general who led a coup d'etat to overthrow the French directory |
| Winston Churchill | British prime minister who led Britain during WWII |
| Mohandas Gandhi | Indian leader who used passive resistance and civil disobedience to protest british rule in India |
| Hammurabi | Babylonian leader who had 282 laws |
| Abraham Lincoln | President during the Civil War |
Created by:
kellybrennan
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