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Phlebotomy Session 7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 56% of lab errors occur during what phase | During the Pre-Analytical Phase of testing |
| What is the most potentially fatal pre-analytical error | Improper patient identification |
| An impatient should be asked to state his/her name, address, DOB and or unique ID number according to whos standards | CLSI (Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute) |
| Fasting specimens should be collected around how many hours? | 10-12 hours of complete fasting |
| How long do you pre-warm a site for capillary collection | 3-5minutes (can cause increased blood flow to the area SEVENFOLD |
| The ORDER OF DRAW is suggested by | CLSI |
| What happens if you under-fill a EDTA TUBE? | you result with RBC SHRINKAGE |
| What happens if you under-fill blue top tubes | You result with ELEVATED PT |
| What two analytes must be protected from the light? | -BILIRUBIN -CAROTENE |
| aPTT should be tested within...? | 4 HOURS |
| PT can remain stable for up to...? | 48 HOURS (at room temperature) |
| Blood cultures are essential in the diagnosis of .. | ENDOCARDITIS |
| Why are blood cultures done? | To detect the presence of bacteria or yeast |
| What happens if a patient comes back with a positive blood culture? | Physician might put the patient on broad-spectrum antibiotics, OFTEN I.V. |
| Septicemia may cause...? | Fever, chills, shock, tachycardia, hypertension |
| 50% of all positive blood cultures may be positive due to the process of | CONTAMINANTS |
| Intravascular | Organisms come from infected organs, cavities, fluids (CSF, synovial fluid, pericardial fluid), untreated superficial wounds, abscesses, U.T.I., or Respiratory infections |
| Extravascular | Vascualr access devides(atrial lines, central venous catheters, etc.) urinary catheters, needles, etc |
| Define TRANSIENT BACTEREMIA | Bacteria that exist momentarily in the bloodstream and then are engulfed by the cellular immune response |
| High risk contamination rates are an example of | Vascular access devices, arterial lines, central venous catheters, and heparin locks |
| Define edema | Swelling ...an accumuation of fluid in the intercellular spaces of the body (FLUID IS INTRACELLULAR) |
| Hematoma | (Bruise) ..Caused by the leakage of blood from veins and capillaries that collects the tissues (Blood accumulation) |
| Masectomies are usually accompanied by ... | REMOVAL OF LYMPH NODES (high susceptibility to infections) |
| Sclerosed Veins | Hardened Veins...due to inflammation, Disease, Repeated punctures (may be difficult to push the needle though) |
| If both arms have an IV, obtain the blood specimen ....? | BELOW the insertion point ofthe IV LINE |
| PKU tests are done to..? | rule out a hereditary metabolic disorder |
| If BILIRUBIN levels are too high babies are placed on...? | UV LIGHT |
| EACH newborn is kept in an | ISOLETTE |
| Newborns are extremely susceptible to ...? | INFECTIONS |
| Always remove supplies from the isolette, ESPECIALLY ..? | LANCETS |
| For children under two, ______puncture is the method of choice | DERMAL |
| Heel Punctures are considered for | Children under 1year/20pounds |
| Finger punctures are considered for | Children from 1-2years |
| Children over 2 may have what type of puncture | VENIPUNCTURE |
| Most elderly develop what type of anemia due to continuous phlebotomy | LATROGENIC ANEMIA |
| EPA (environmental protective agency) recommends noise level in hospitals not to exceed ...? | 40dB |
| Dialysis is performed on patients with | END STAGE RENAL DISEASE |
| What happens during dialysis | Waste products are removed from the blood |
| Venipunctures are prohibited from dialysis patients therefore you must perform..? | a FINGER STICK |
| How many identifiers is recommended for an outpatient? | 2 Identifiers |
| Its against "______regulations" to palpate a vein without gloves | OSHA |
| Tourniquet must be applied how many inches apart from the antecubital fossa | 3-4inches (restricts bloods flow, causes veins to distend) |
| Why should you allow chlorhexidine to dry completely before beginning a venipuncture | To prevent Hemolysis |
| You should insert a needle at what angle | 15-30 Degree angle (BEVEL UP) |
| All tubes with additives must be properly mixed as quickly as possible to prevent...? | PLATELET CLUMPING AND COAGULATION |
| Examples of special handeling regarding "KEPT COLD SPECIMEN" include: | Blood gases..ammonia |
| Examples of special handeling regarding "KEPT WARM SPECIMEN" include: | Cold Agglutinins |
| Examples of special handeling regarding "KEPT IN THE DARK SPECIMEN" include | Bilirubin...Carotene |
| What are some examples of Adverse Reaction | Syncope...Nausea...Vomiting |
| If bleeding continues for more than 5minutes call | PHYSICIAN |
Created by:
moralesm05
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