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Sci Revol

Scientific Revolution/Chapter 34

QuestionAnswer
geocentric Earth is at the center of the universe
heliocentric the sun is at the center of the universe
hypothesis idea or assumption to be tested in an experiment using logic and observation to answer questions
rationalism belief in reason and logic as the primary source of knowledge
Kepler/Copernicus Sci. Rev. began w/Copernicus.Used observation & math to put the sun at the center of the universe.Kepler figured the orbits of planets were ellipses and wrote math laws describing the movement of plantets around the sun.
Galileo (1) Discoveries Improved on telescope. Discovered the moon's surface was rough and uneven and the 4 moons of Jupiter. Observed Venus its phases. Realized the phases of Venus meant it was orbiting the sun. Agreed w/Copernican theory of universe.
Galileo (2) Conflict w/Church Called to Rome and taken before the Inquisition and forced to swear the geocentric theory was true. Lived the rest of his life under house arrest.
Galileo (3) Influence Helped to convert people to the Copernican theory. Disproved Aristotle's theory. Described how objects moved on Earth.
Isaac Newton Discovered the law of gravity. The strength of force depended on the mass of the object & the distance between them. Provided a physical explanation for how planets traveled around the sun.
Scientific Method (Descartes) Believed to gain knowledge that was certain, people should doubt every statement until logic proved it to be true. Saw physical universe as obeying universal math laws.
Scientific Method (Bacon) Felt people could gain knowledge only if they rid their minds of false beliefs. Outlined a method of scientific investigation that depended on close observation.
Scientific Method (steps) State a question. Form a hypothesis. Design & conduct an experiment. Measure and collect data. Analyze the data to determine if the hypothesis is correct.
Created by: lstreeby
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