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islam history
words for islam history test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Ka'bah | holy cube, made of stone and covered in cloth. Contains a rock that fell from the sky. It was built by Abraham and Ishmael. All Muslims pray facing it no matter where you are in the world |
| Quraysh | desert tribe that ruled Mecca and was in charge of watching the Ka'bah. The most worshiped tribe member was Muhammad. |
| Hijrah | was originally in 622 C.E., when Quraysh kicked out Muhammad and he journeyed to Mecca. Now it is the journey to Mecca once a year. |
| Mosque | place of worship for Muslims, like a church or synagogue |
| Minaret | the tower or spire that a Muzzin goes up to to call people for prayer. There is one in every Mosque. |
| Islam | Muslim religion. Means the submission to god |
| Muslim | An Islamic follower, one who submits to Allah. |
| Qur'an | Muslim holy book, the actual words of god spoke through Jibril |
| Sunna | a collection of Islamic writings, the Hadith and the Qur'an. the hadith is the life and teachings of Muhammad. The Qur'an are gods words through Jibril. |
| People of the Book | Jews and Christians. "The Book" refers to the old testimate |
| Five Pillars | not literal pillars, more like laws that keep the religion up. 1. profession of faith 2.Prayer five times a day 3.giving alms 4.ritual fast during Ramadan 5. Must go to Mecca one time in your life if you can afford it. |
| Jihad | Muslim who wants to kill infadels (non-muslims). Better definition is the Holy War against infadels |
| Caliph | successor of Muhammad/next in line to rule |
| Shiite | party of Ali who believe that all Caliphs should be relatives of Muhammad (not friends with the Sunni) |
| Sunni | group of people who believe the Caliph doesn't have to be a relative of Muhammad, they just have to be the best person for the job. |
| Berbers | nomadic North Africans. they converted to Islam and became Moors. |
| Moors | mixture of Berbers and Arabs who have a style of Architecture. |
| Battle of Tours | was in 732 C.E.. the Moors fought the battle against the Franks (christians) and when the Franks won, the Muslim conquest went no further. |
| Jizya | a tax on the People of the Book. |
| Zakat | tax Muslims. (giving alms is one of the 5 pillars and this tax counts as the charity money.) |
| Torah | First 5 books of the old testimate/the holy book for the Jews |
| Talmud | a collection of laws. Basically, a recording of Jewish philosophy. |
| Calligraphy | writing language done artistically |
| Fatimimds | a sect of Muslims who were upset with Umayyads because they were too seclar. Fatimids were very religious. |
| Fatima | Muhammad's daughter |
| Cordoba | Umayyad center of learning in Spain. |
| Damascus | capital of Syria where Muawiya was governor when he was the fifth caliph |
| Baghdad | capital of Iraq. Center of learning for Abbassids. |
| Jerusalem | Capital of Israel.So special to Muslims because of the Dome of Rock |
| Muhammad | started Islam. Muslim prophet |
| Allah | means god. name for the only Islamic god |
| Jibril | (Gabriel). an angel that spoke the words of god to Muhammad. |
| Abraham | he was the father of all 3 religions. His kids were Ishmael and Isaac |
| Abu Bakr | father in law of Muhammad. He reassured the Muslims that the death of Muhammad wasn't the death of the religion, for Muhammad was only a profit, not god |
| Umar | second caliph. friend and adviser of Muhammad. he started the spreading of Islam (the conquest) |
| Uthman | third caliph, was murdered by the egyptians |
| Ali | Muhammad's cousin and son in law, first caliph according to the Shiites |
| Muawiya | fifth caliph |
| Charles Martel | French guy/king of Franks, who defeated the Moors at the battle of Tours, which stopped the Muslim conquest |
| Abd al Malik | He untied the Arabs by declaring Arabic the official language and creating a coin system. |
| Al Abbas | Muhammad's youngest uncle and the founder of the Abbasid line. |
| Abd al Rahman | the guy who jumped out a window while his fellow Umayyads were getting assasined, swam across a river, walked to Spain, and became the caliph of the Umayyads in Spain. |
| Maimonides | first name is Moses. He was a very famous Jewish philosopher from Cordoba |
| Ferdinad and Isabella | kicked out Jews and Muslims and started Columbus on his way to America |
Created by:
raanderson
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