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Final Terminology Ex
terms and abbrev's for final terminology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| a- | without, not |
| ab- | from, away from |
| abdomin/o | abdomen |
| abort/o | to miscarry |
| -ac | pertaining to |
| acid/o | acid |
| acous/o | hearing |
| acr/o | extremity |
| acromi/o | acromion (projection of scapula) |
| -acusis | hearing |
| -ad | toward |
| ad- | toward |
| aden/o | gland |
| adenoid/o | adenoids |
| adip/o | fat |
| adren/o | adrenal glands |
| adrenal/o | adrenal glands |
| aer/o | air |
| af- | toward |
| agglutin/o | clumping, gluing |
| agora- | marketplace |
| -al | pertaining to |
| albin/o | white |
| albumin/o | albumin (protein) |
| -algesia | pain |
| -algia | pain |
| allo- | other, differing from the normal |
| alveol/o | alveolus; air sac |
| ambly/o | dull, dim |
| amni/o | amnion (amniotic sac) |
| an- | without, not |
| an/o | anus |
| ana- | against;up;back |
| andr/o | male |
| aneurysm/o | widened blood vessel |
| angi/o | vessel (usually blood or lymph) |
| abusi- | unequal, dissimilar |
| ankyl/o | stiffness, bent, crooked |
| ante- | before, in front of |
| anter/o | anterior, front |
| anthrac/o | coal dust, coal |
| anti- | against |
| aort/o | aorta |
| append/o | appendix |
| aque/o | water |
| -ar | pertaining to |
| -arche | beginning |
| arteri/o | artery |
| arteriol/o | arteriole |
| arthr/o | joint |
| -ary | pertaining to |
| asbest/o | asbestos |
| -asthenia | weakness, debility |
| astr/o | star |
| -ate | having the form of, possessing |
| atel/o | incomplete, imperfect |
| ather/o | fatty plaque |
| -ation | process (of) |
| atri/o | atrium |
| audi/o | hearing |
| audit/o | hearing |
| aur/o | ear |
| auricul/o | ear |
| auto- | self, own |
| ax/o | axis, axon |
| azot/o | nitrogenous compounds |
| bacteri/o | bacteria |
| balan/o | glans penis |
| bas/o | base (alkaline, opposite of acid) |
| bi- | two |
| bil/i | bile, gall |
| bi/o | life |
| -blast | embryonic cell |
| blast/o | embryonic cell |
| blephar/o | eyelid |
| brachi/o | arm |
| brachy- | short |
| brady- | slow |
| bronch/o | bronchus (plural, bronchi) |
| bronchi/o | bronchus (plural, bronchi) |
| bronchiol/o | bronchiole |
| bucc/o | cheek |
| calc/o | calcium |
| calcane/o | calcaneum (heel bone) |
| -capnia | carbon dioxide (CO2) |
| carcin/o | cancer |
| cardi/o | heart |
| -cardia | heart condition |
| carp/o | carpus |
| cata- | down |
| caud/o | tail |
| cauter/o | heat, burn |
| cec/o | cecum |
| -cele | hernia, swelling |
| -centesis | surgical puncture |
| cephal/o | head |
| -ceps | head |
| -ception | conceiving |
| cerebell/o | cerebellum |
| cerebr/o | cerebrum |
| cervic/o | beck; cervix uteri (neck of uterus) |
| chalic/o | limestone |
| cheil/o | lip |
| chem/o | chemical, drug |
| chlor/o | green |
| chol/e | bile, gall |
| cholangi/o | bile vessel |
| cholecyst/o | gallbladder |
| choldedoch/o | bile duct |
| chondr/o | cartilage |
| chori/o | chorion |
| choroid/o | choroid |
| chrom/o | color |
| chromat/o | color |
| -cide | killing |
| cine- | movement |
| cinemat/o | things that move |
| circum- | around |
| cirrh/o | yellow |
| -cision | the break, surgical fracture |
| -clasia | to break, surgical fracture |
| -clasis | to break, surgical fracture |
| -clast | to break |
| clavicul/o | clavicle (collar bone) |
| -cleisis | closure |
| clon/o | clonus (turmoil) |
| -clysis | irrigation, washing |
| coccyg/o | coccyx (tailbone) |
| cochle/o | cochlea |
| col/o | colon |
| colon/o | colon |
| colp/o | vagina |
| condyl/o | condyle |
| coni/o | dust |
| conjuctiv/o | conjunctiva |
| -continence | to hold back |
| contra- | against, opposite |
| cor/o | pupil |
| core/o | pupil |
| corne/o | cornea |
| coron/o | heart |
| corp/o | body |
| corpor/o | body |
| cortic/o | cortex |
| cost/o | ribs |
| crani/o | cranium (skull) |
| crin/o | secrete |
| -crine | secrete |
| cruci/o | cross |
| cry/o | cold |
| crypt/o | hidden |
| culd/o | cul-de-sac |
| -cusia | hearing |
| -cusis | hearing |
| cutane/o | skin |
| cyan/o | blue |
| cycl/o | ciliary body of eye;circular;cycle |
| -cyesis | pregnancy |
| cyst/o | bladder |
| cyt/o | cell |
| -cyte | cell |
| dacry/o | tear, lacrimal apparatus (duct, sac, or gland) |
| dacryocyst/o | lacrimal sac |
| dactyl/o | fingers;toes |
| de- | cessation |
| dendr/o | tree |
| dent/o | teeth |
| derm/o | skin |
| -derma | skin |
| dermat/o | skin |
| -desis | binding, fixation (of a bone or joint) |
| di- | double |
| dia- | through, across |
| dipl- | double |
| dipl/o | double |
| dips/o | thirst |
| -dipsia | thirst |
| dist/o | far, farthest |
| dors/o | back (of body) |
| duct/o | to lead; carry |
| -duction | act of leading, bringing, conducting |
| duoden/o | duodenum (first part of small intestine) |
| dur/o | dura mater, hard |
| -dynia | pain |
| dys- | bad, difficult, painful |
| -eal | pertaining to |
| ec- | out, out from |
| echo- | a repeated sound |
| -ectasis | dilation, expansion |
| ecto- | outside, outward |
| -ectomy | excision, removal |
| -edema | swelling |
| ef- | away from |
| electr/o | electricity |
| -ema | state of; condition |
| embol/o | embolus (plug) |
| -emesis | vomiting |
| -emia | blood condition |
| emphys/o | to inflate |
| en- | in, within |
| encephal/o | brain |
| end- | in, within |
| endo- | in, within |
| enter/o | intestine (usually small intestine) |
| eosin/o | dawn (rose colored) |
| epi- | above, upon |
| epididym/o | epidydmis |
| epiglott/o | epiglottis |
| episi/o | vulva |
| erthem/o | red |
| erythemat/o | red |
| erythr/o | red |
| eschar/o | scab |
| -esis | condition |
| eso- | inward |
| esophag/o | esophagus |
| esthes/o | feeling |
| -esthesia | feeling |
| eti/o | cause |
| eu- | good, normal |
| ex- | out, out from |
| exo- | outside, outward |
| extra- | outside |
| faci/o | face |
| fasci/o | band, fascia,(fibrous membrane supporting and separating muscles) |
| femor/o | femur (thigh bone) |
| -ferent | to carry |
| fibr/o | fibrous tissue, fibre |
| fibul/o | fibula (smaller bone of lower leg) |
| fluor/o | luminous, fluorescence |
| galact/o | milk |
| gangli/o | ganglion (knot or knot-like mass) |
| gastr/o | stomach |
| -gen | forming, producing, origin |
| gen/o | forming, producing, origin |
| -genesis | forming, producing, origin |
| genit/o | genitalia |
| gest/o | pregnancy |
| gingiv/o | gums |
| glauc/o | gray |
| gli/o | glue, neuroglial tissue |
| -glia | glue, neuroglial tissue |
| -globin | protein |
| glomerul/o | glomerulus |
| gloss/o | tongue |
| glott/o | glottis |
| gluc/o | sugar, sweetness |
| glucos/o | sugar, sweetness |
| glyc/o | sugar, sweetness |
| glycos/o | sugar, sweetness |
| gnos/o | knowing |
| -gnosis | knowing |
| gonad/o | gonads, sex glands |
| goni/o | angle |
| gon/o | seed (ovum or spermatozoon) |
| -grade | to go |
| -graft | transplantation |
| -gram | record, writing |
| granul/o | granule |
| -graph | instrument for recording |
| -graphy | process of recording |
| -gravida | pregnant woman |
| gyn/o | woman, female |
| gynec/o | woman, female |
| hallucin/o | hallucination |
| hedon/o | pleasure |
| hem/o | blood |
| hemangi/o | blood vessel |
| hemat/o | blood |
| hemi- | one half |
| hepat/o | liver |
| heter/o | different |
| hidr/o | sweat |
| hist/o | tissue |
| histi/o | tissue |
| home/o | same, alike |
| homeo- | same, alike |
| homo- | same, alike |
| humer/o | humerus (upper arm bone) |
| hydr/o | water |
| hyp- | under, below, deficient |
| hyper- | excessive, above normal |
| hyp/o | under, below, deficient |
| hypn/o | sleep |
| hypo- | under, below, deficient |
| hyster/o | uterus (womb) |
| -ia | condition |
| -iac | pertaining to |
| -iasis | abnormal condition (produced by something specific) |
| iatr/o | physician; medicine; treatment |
| -iatry | medicine; treatment |
| -ic | pertaining to |
| -ical | pertaining to |
| -ice | noun ending |
| ichthy/o | dry, scaly |
| -ician | specialist |
| -icle | small, minute |
| -icterus | jaundice |
| idi/o | unknown, peculiar |
| -ile | pertaining to |
| ile/o | ileum (third part of small intestine) |
| ili/o | ilium (lateral, flaring portion of hip bone) |
| im- | not |
| immun/o | immune, immunity, safe |
| in- | in, not |
| -ine | pertaining to |
| infer/o | lower, below |
| infra- | below, under |
| inguin/o | groin |
| insulin/o | insulin |
| inter- | between |
| intra- | in, within |
| -ion | the act of |
| -ior | pertaining to |
| irid/o | iris |
| -is | noun ending |
| isch/o | to hold back; block |
| ischi/o | ischium (lower portion of hip bone) |
| -ism | condition |
| iso- | same, equal |
| -ist | specialist |
| -isy | state of; condition |
| -itic | pertaining to |
| -itis | inflammation |
| -ive | pertaining to |
| -ization | process (of) |
| jaund/o | yellow |
| jejun/o | jejunum (second part of small intestine) |
| kal/i | potassium (an electrolyte) |
| kary/o | nucleus |
| kerat/o | horny tissue, hard, cornea |
| kern/o | kernel (nucleus) |
| ket/o | ketone bodies (acids and acetones) |
| keton/o | ketone bodies (acids and acetones) |
| kinesi/o | movement |
| -kinesia | movement |
| kinet/o | movement |
| klept/o | to steal |
| kyph/o | humpback |
| labi/o | lip |
| labyrinth/o | labyrinth (inner ear) |
| lacrim/o | tear; lacrimal apparatus |
| lact/o | milk |
| -lalia | speech, babble |
| lamin/o | lamina (part of vertebral arch) |
| lapar/o | abdomen |
| laring/o | larynx |
| later/o | side, to one side |
| lei/o | smooth |
| leiomy/o | smooth muscle (visceral) |
| -lepsy | seizure |
| lept/o | thin, slender |
| leuk/o | white |
| lex/o | word, phrase |
| lingu/o | tongue |
| lip/o | fat |
| lipid/o | fat |
| -listhesis | slipping |
| -lith | stone, calculus |
| lith/o | stone, calculus |
| lob/o | lobe |
| log/o | study of |
| -logist | specialist in the study of |
| -logy | study of |
| lord/o | curve, swayback |
| -lucent | to shine, clear |
| lumb/o | loins (lower back) |
| lymph/o | lymph |
| lymphaden/o | lymph gland (node) |
| lymphangi/o | lymph vessel |
| -lysis | separation; destruction; loosening |
| macro- | large |
| mal- | bad |
| -malacia | softening |
| mamm/o | breast |
| -mania | state of mental disorder, frenzy |
| mast/o | breast |
| mastoid/o | mastoid process |
| maxill/o | maxilla (upper jaw bone) |
| meat/o | meatus, opening |
| medi- | middle |
| medi/o | middle |
| mediastin/o | mediastinum |
| medull/o | medulla |
| mega- | enlargement |
| megal/o | enlargement |
| -megaly | enlargement |
| melan/o | black |
| men/o | menses, menstruation |
| mening/o | meninges (membranes covering brain and spinal cord) |
| meningi/o | meninges (membranes covering brain and spinal cord) |
| ment/o | mind |
| meso- | middle |
| meta- | change, beyond |
| metacarp/o | metacarpus (hand bones) |
| metatars/o | metatarsus (foot bones) |
| -meter | instrument for measuring |
| metr/o | uterus (womb) |
| metri/o | uterus (womb) |
| -metry | act of measuring |
| mi/o | smaller, less |
| micr/o | small |
| mono- | one |
| morph/o | form, shape, structure |
| muc/o | mucus |
| multi- | many, much |
| muscul/o | muscle |
| mut/a | genetic change |
| my/o | muscle |
| myc/o | fungus (plural, fungi) |
| mydr/o | widen, enlarge |
| myel/o | bone marrow; spinal cord |
| myos/o | muscle |
| myring/o | tympanic membrane (ear drum) |
| myx/o | mucus |
| narc/o | stupor, numbness, sleep |
| nas/o | nose |
| nat/o | birth |
| natr/o | sodium (an electrolyte) |
| necr/o | death, necrosis |
| neo- | new |
| nephr/o | kidney |
| neur/o | nerve |
| neutr/o | neutral; neither |
| nid/o | nest |
| noct/o | night |
| nucle/o | nucleus |
| nulli- | none |
| nyctal/o | night |
| obstetr/o | midwife |
| ocul/o | eye |
| odont/o | teeth |
| -oid | resembling |
| -ole | small, minute |
| olig/o | scanty |
| -oma | tumor |
| omphal/o | navel (umbilicus) |
| onc/o | tumor |
| onych/o | nail |
| oophor/o | ovary |
| -opaque | obscure |
| ophthalm/o | eye |
| -opia | vision |
| -opsia | vision |
| -opsy | view of |
| opt/o | eye, vision |
| optic/o | eye, vision |
| or/o | mouth |
| orch/o | testis (plural, testes) |
| orchi/o | testis |
| orchid/o | testis |
| -orexia | appetite |
| orth/o | straight |
| -ory | pertaining to |
| -ose | pertaining to; sugar |
| -osis | abnormal condition; increase (used primarily with blood cells) |
| -osmia | smell |
| oste/o | ear |
| -ous | pertaining to |
| ovari/o | ovary |
| ox/i | oxygen |
| ox/o | oxygen |
| -oxia | oxygen |
| oxy- | quick, sharp |
| pachy- | thick |
| palat/o | palate (roof of mouth) |
| pan- | all |
| pancreat/o | pancreas |
| -para | to bear (offspring) |
| parathyroid/o | parathyroid glands |
| -paresis | partial paralysis |
| patell/o | patella (kneecap) |
| path/o | disease |
| -pathy | disease |
| pector/o | chest |
| ped/i | foot; child |
| ped/o | foot; child |
| pedicul/o | lice |
| pelv/i | pelvis |
| pelv/o | pelvis |
| pen/o | penis |
| -penia | decrease, deficiency |
| -pepsia | digestion |
| per- | through |
| peri- | around |
| perine/o | perineum (area between scrotum [or vulva in the female] and anus) |
| peritone/o | peritoneum |
| -pexy | fixation (of an organ) |
| phac/o | lens |
| -phage | eating, swallowing |
| -phagia | eating, swallowing |
| -phagia | eating, swallowing |
| phalang/o | phalanges (bones of fingers and toes) |
| pharmaceutic/o | drug, medicine |
| pharyng/o | pharynx |
| -phasia | speech |
| phe/o | dusky, dark |
| -phil | attraction for |
| phil/o | attraction for |
| -philia | attraction for |
| phim/o | muzzle |
| phleb/o | vein |
| -phobia | fear |
| -phonia | voice |
| -phoresis | carrying, transmission |
| -phoria | feeling, mental state |
| phot/o | light |
| phren/o | diaphragm; mind |
| -phylaxis | protection |
| -physis | growth |
| pil/o | hair |
| pituitar/o | pituitary gland |
| -plakia | plaque |
| plas/o | formation, growth |
| -plasia | formation, growth |
| -plasm | formation, growth |
| -plasty | surgical repair |
| -plegia | paralysis |
| pleur/o | pleura |
| -plexy | stroke |
| -pnea | breathing |
| pneum/o | air, lung |
| pneumon/o | air, lung |
| pod/o | foot |
| -poiesis | formation, production |
| poikil/o | varied, irregular |
| poli/o | gray, gray matter (of brain or spinal cord) |
| poly- | many, much |
| polyp/o | small growth |
| -porosis | porous |
| post- | after, behind |
| poster/o | back(of body), behind, posterior |
| -potence | power |
| -prandial | meal |
| pre- | before, in front of |
| presby/o | old age |
| primi- | first |
| pro- | before, in front of |
| proct/o | anus, rectum |
| prostat/o | prostate gland |
| proxim/o | near, nearest |
| pseud/o | false |
| psych/o | mind |
| -ptosis | prolapse, downward displacement |
| ptyal/o | saliva |
| -ptysis | spitting |
| pub/o | pelvis bone (anterior part of pelvic bone) |
| pulmon/o | lung |
| pupill/o | pupil |
| py/o | pus |
| pyel/o | renal pelvis |
| pylor/o | pylorus |
| pyr/o | fire |
| quadri- | four |
| rachi/o | spine |
| radi/o | radiation, x-ray; radius (lower arm bone on thumb side) |
| radicul/o | nerve root |
| rect/o | rectum |
| ren/o | kidney |
| reticul/o | net, mesh |
| retin/o | retina |
| retro- | behind, backward |
| rhabd/o | rod-shaped(striated) |
| rhabdomy/o | rod-shaped (striated) muscle |
| rhin/o | nose |
| rhytid/o | wrinkle |
| roentgen/o | x-rays |
| -rrhage | burthing forth |
| -rrhagia | bursting forth |
| -rrhaphy | suture |
| -rrhea | discharge, flow |
| -rrhexis | rupture |
| -rrhythm/o | rhythm |
| rube/o | red |
| sacr/o | sacrum |
| salping/o | tube (usually fallopian or eustachian) |
| -salpinx | tube |
| sarc/o | flesh (connective tissue) |
| -sarcoma | malignant tumor of connective tissue |
| scapul/o | scapula |
| -schisis | a splitting |
| schiz/o | split |
| scler/o | hardening; sclera(white of eye) |
| scoli/o | crooked, bent |
| -scope | instrument for examining |
| -scopy | visual examination |
| scot/o | darkness |
| seb/o | sebum, sebaceous |
| semi- | one half |
| semin/o | semem, seed |
| semin/i | semen, seed |
| sept/o | septum |
| sequestr/o | separation |
| ser/o | serum |
| sial/o | saliva, salivary gland |
| sider/o | iron |
| sigmoid/o | sigmoid colon |
| silic/o | flint |
| sin/o | sinus cavity |
| sinus/o | sinus cavity |
| -sis | state of; condition |
| -social | society |
| somat/o | body |
| somn/o | sleep |
| -spadias | slit, fissure |
| -spasm | involuntary contraction, twitching |
| sperm/i | sperm cells |
| sperm/o | sperm cells |
| spermat/o | sperm cells |
| sphygm/o | pulse |
| -sphyxia | pulse |
| spin/o | spone |
| spir/o | breathe |
| splen/o | spleen |
| spondyl/o | vertebrae (backbone) |
| squam/o | scale |
| staped/o | stapes |
| -stasis | standing still |
| steat/o | fat |
| sten/o | narrowing, stricture |
| -stenosis | narrowing, stricture |
| stern/o | sternum |
| steth/o | chest |
| sthen/o | strength |
| stigmat/o | point, mark |
| stomat/o | mouth |
| -stomy | forming an opening (mouth) |
| sub- | under, belowe |
| sudor/o | sweat |
| super- | upper, above |
| super/o | upper, above |
| supra- | above, excessive; superior |
| sym- | joined, union, together |
| syn- | joined, union, together |
| synapt/o | synapsis, point of contact |
| synov/o | synovial membrane |
| tachy- | rapid |
| tax/o | order, coordination |
| -taxia | order, coordination |
| ten/o | tendon |
| tendon/o | tendon |
| tendin/o | tendon |
| -tension | to stretch |
| test/o | testis (plural testes) |
| thalam/o | thalamus |
| thalass/o | sea |
| thec/o | sheath (usually refers to meninges) |
| thel/o | nipple |
| therapeut/o | treatment |
| -therapy | treatment |
| therm/o | heat |
| thorac/o | chest |
| -thorax | chest |
| thromb/o | blood clot |
| thym/o | thymus gland |
| -thymia | mind; emotion |
| thyr/o | thyroid gland |
| thyroid/o | thyroid gland |
| tibi/o | tibia (larger bone of lower leg) |
| -tic | pertaining to |
| ill/o | to pull |
| -tocia | childbirth |
| tom/o | to cut |
| -tome | instrument to cut |
| -tomy | incision |
| ton/o | tension |
| tonsill/o | tonsils |
| tox/o | poison |
| -toxic | poison |
| toxic/o | poison |
| trabecul/o | trabecula (supporting bundles of fibres) |
| trache/o | trachea (windpipe) |
| trans- | across, through |
| tri- | three |
| trich/o | hair |
| trigon/o | trigone (triangular region at base of bladder) |
| -tripsy | crushing |
| -trophy | development, nourishment |
| -tropia | turning |
| -tropin | stimulate |
| tubercul/o | a little swelling |
| tympan/o | tympanic membrane |
| -ula | small, minute |
| -ule | small, minute |
| uln/o | ulna (lower arm bone on opposite side of thumb) |
| ultra- | excess, beyond |
| -um | structure, thing |
| umbilic/o | navel |
| ungu/o | nail |
| uni- | one |
| ur/o | urine, urinary tract |
| ureter/o | ureter |
| urethr/o | urethra |
| -uria | urine |
| urin/o | urine, urinary tract |
| -us | condition, structure |
| uter/o | uterus (womb) |
| uvul/o | uvula |
| vagin/o | vagina |
| valv/o | valve |
| varic/o | dilated vein |
| vas/o | vessel, vas deferens; duct |
| vascul/o | vessel (usually blood or lymph) |
| ven/o | vein |
| ventr/o | belly, belly side |
| ventricul/o | ventricles (of heart of brain) |
| -version | turning |
| vertebr/o | vertebrae (backbone) |
| vesic/o | bladder |
| vesicul/o | seminal vesicle |
| vest/o | clothes |
| viscer/o | internal organs |
| vitr/o | vitreous body (of eye) |
| vitre/o | glassy |
| vol/o | volume |
| voyeur/o | to see |
| vulv/o | vulva |
| xanth/o | yellow |
| xen/o | foreign, strange |
| xer/o | dry |
| xiph/o | sword |
| -y | condition; process |
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