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400TOEFL
400 must have
| Question | Answer | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Crops | Food Crop | ||
| abandon(v.) | To leave; to give up | To save their lives, the sailors had to abandon the sinking ship. | |
| adversely (adv.) | In a harmful way; negatively | Excessive rainfall early in the spring can adversely affect the planting of crops. | |
| aggregate (adj. n. v.) | Gathered into or amounting to a whole | It is impossible to judge last year’s performance without knowing the aggregate sales numbers. | انبوه توده جمع جمع شده مجموع |
| fertilize (v.) | To supply with nourishment for plants by adding helpful substances to the soil | This farm fertilizes tomatoes more than any other crop. | حاصلخیز کردن بارور کردن کود دادن |
| nourishment | غذا قوت خوراک تغذیه | To supply with nourishment for plants by adding helpful substances to the soil | |
| intensify (v.) | To increase in power; to act with increased strength | Jacob’s long absence intensified his certainty that he should marry Rose. | |
| irrigation (n.) | The supplying of water to dry land | In dry areas of the country, you can see ditches all over the farmland for irrigation. | ابیاری |
| obtain (v.) | To gain possession of; to get | After a series of difficult interviews, he finally was able to obtain the job. | |
| photosynthesis (n.) | The process by which green plants make their own food by combining water, salts, and carbon dioxide in the presence of light. | Oxygen is a by-product of the process of photosynthesis. | |
| precipitation (n.) | Water that falls to the Earth’s surface | In the Pacific Northwest, the high level of precipitation ensures rich, green plant life. | بارش |
| disaster | مصیبت حادثه بد بدبختی | ||
| anticipate (v.) | To expect; to sense something before it happens | By placing sensors in earthquake-prone areas, scientists can anticipate some tremors in time to warn the public. | |
| tremor | لرزش تکان لرزه | ||
| prone | متمایل مستعد دمر درازکش | By placing sensors in earthquake-prone areas, scientists can anticipate some tremors in time to warn the public. | |
| catastrophic (adj.) | Extremely harmful; causing financial or physical ruin | The architect died in a catastrophic elevator accident. | مصیبت بار فاجعه بر انگیز |
| ruin | نابودی خراب کردن | ||
| collide (v.) | To come together with great or violent force | As usual, their holiday was ruined when their in-laws’ views on politics collided with their own | تصادم کردن، بهم خوردن |
| eruption (n.) | A sudden, often violent, outburst | The eruption of Mount St. Helens in 1980 caused 57 deaths and immeasurable change to the face of the mountain. | |
| famine (n.) | Severe hunger; a drastic food shortage | The potato famine in Ireland in the mid-nineteenth century caused large numbers of Irish people to emigrate to America. | قحطی،خشکسالی |
| drastic | موثر قوی جدی شدید | ||
| flood (n.) | An overflowing of water; an excessive amount | The constant rain and poor drainage system caused a flood in town | |
| opponent | مخالف،حریف خصم طرف | The political party sent out a flood of letters criticizing their opponents. | |
| impact (n.) | A strong influence | The speech about the importance of education made an impact on me. | |
| persevere (v.) | To keep going, despite obstacles or discouragement; to maintain a purpose | The hikers persevered despite the bad weather and the icy trail. | پشتکار داشتن،استقامت به خرج دادن،ثابت قدم ماندن |
| obstacle | گیر مانع پاگیر سدراه | ||
| plunge (v.) | To go down suddenly; to decrease by a great amount in a short time | He jumped off the diving board and plunged into the pool. شیرجه رفتن،ناگهان داخل شدن | The value of the company’s stock plunged after its chief executive was arrested. سقوط سنگین |
| unleash (v.) | To release a thing or an emotion | When they saw the strange man on their property, they unleashed their dogs. | He is from such an unemotional family, he will never learn to unleash his feelings. |
| Evolution | تکامل،تغییر شکل،تحول | ||
| adapt (v.) | To adjust to the circumstances; to make suitable | Dinosaurs could not adapt to the warmer temperatures. | The teacher adapted the exercises for his more advanced students. |
| diverse (n.) | Various; showing a lot of differences within a group | India is one of the most linguistically diverse countries in the world. | |
| evolve (v.) | To develop; to come forth | Modern-day sharks evolved from their ancestor Eryops, which lived more than 200 million years ago. | بیرون دادن،استنتاج کردن،نمو کردن |
| feature (n.) | Part, characteristic | The best feature of this car is its heated seats. | |
| generation (n.) | A group of people born at about the same time | As older managers retired, a new generation of leaders took control of the company. | |
| inherent (adj.) | Naturally characteristic; always found within something, because it’s a basic part of that thing | No job can be interesting all the time. Boredom is inherent in any kind of work. | |
| harvest | The migration of farm workers from one state to the next depends primarily on the harvest. | خرمن محصول دروکردن | |
| ape | Because of the shape of its throat, an ape does not have the physical ability to speak. | میمون،بوزینه | |
| survive (v.) | To continue living (despite some danger or illness) | After getting lost in the mountains, Gordon survived by eating wild plants and catching fish. | |
| constraint (n.) | Something that restricts thought or action | The constraints of military life kept Eileen from seeing Private Morris more than once a month. | |
| contamination (n.) | Being made less clean by a germ or hazardous substance | The contamination in the river came from the factory located just upstream. | الودگی کثافت |
| deplete (v.) | To greatly decrease the supply of a resource or material | The prolonged war depleted the country’s national treasury. | تهی کردن،خالی کردن |
| dispose of (v.) | To throw away; to get rid of; to kill | She disposed of her unwanted possessions before moving. مرتب کردن | She disposed of her unwanted possessions before moving. ترتیب کار ها را دادن |
| tyrant | ستمگر | ||
| elementally (adv.) | In terms of elements; basically | Elementally, coal and diamonds are the same. | |
| emission (n.) | Sending out from a small space into the general environment; a substance discharged into the air | The Environmental Protection Agency regulates the emission of pollutants into the air. | صدور خروج نشر |
| extinction (n.) | Complete disappearance; the end of existence | Human beings have caused the extinction of many other species. | خاموش سازس انقراض اعدام |
| reservoir (n.) | A place where a liquid is collected and stored | Cult members threatened to poison the town’s water reservoir. | |
| shrink (v.) | To become reduced in size, amount, or value | If you dry your clothing on the “high heat” setting, they may shrink. | |
| accustomed | خوگرفته،معتاد | ||
| adjust (v.) | To change; to get accustomed to something | Travelers are advised to adjust their watches before arriving in the new time zone. | |
| arbitrary (adj.) | Chosen simply by whim or chance, not for any specific reason | The decision to build a school in Blackberry Township was arbitrary, without any thought to future housing patterns. | |
| whim | هوس،خیال،وهم | ||
| denominator (n.) | The number written below the line in a fraction | In the fraction 1⁄2, the number 2 is the denominator. | |
| lowest common denominator | the most basic and unsophisticated things that most people share | ||
| exponentially (adv.) | At a very fast rate | In Turkey, the value of the lira has decreased exponentially in the last several decades. | |
| infinitesimal (adj.) | Immeasurably small | The number of contaminants in the water was infinitesimal, so the water was safe to drink. | |
| contaminant | جسم آلوده | ||
| maximize (v.) | To increase or make as great as possible | A coach helps each athlete maximize his or her potential. | |
| parallel (adj.) | Being an equal distance apart everywhere | The street where I live runs parallel to the main road through town. | |
| proportion (n.) | A part in relation to the whole | The average employee spends a large proportion of each workday answering e-mails. | |
| rate (n.v.) | The cost per unit of a good or service; the motion or change that happens in a certain time. | Postal rates in Japan are among the highest in the world. | Some grasses grow at the rate of one inch per day. |
| succession | توالی،جانشینی،ردیف، وراثت | To organize or arrange in succession | Volunteers have been asked to sequence the files and organize the boxes. |
| accuracy (n.) | Precision; exactness | The research department checks all our articles for accuracy of facts before we print them. | |
| adjacent (adj.) | Next to | Even though the villages are adjacent to each other, their residents speak different languages. | |
| compress (v.) | To press together | To make the foundation stronger, they compressed the soil before pouring the concrete. | |
| feasibly (adv.) | Practically; in a way that can work | Scientists can’t feasibly bring energy from deep ocean currents to where it is needed -on land. | |
| gut (v.) | To empty or hollow out | In order to remodel the house, we must first gut it and throw away all the old fixtures. | احشا،پرخوری،حریصانه خوردن،غارت کردن |
| integrally (adv.) | In a whole or complete manner | Writing and spelling are taught integrally as part of the reading program. | |
| overlap (v.n.) | To lie over part of something; to have elements in common | One of the two assistants will likely get fired, since most of their duties in the office overlap. | |
| retain (v.) | To keep or hold | The rain fell so heavily that the banks of the river could not retain all the water. | |
| seep (v.) | To pass slowly for a long time, as a liquid or gas might | As the containers rusted, the toxic waste seeped into the ground. | چکه کردن،چکه،تراوش |
| rust | زنگ،زنگ زدن | ||
| outsiders | Most companies have a social structure that can’t be understood by outsiders. | خارجی،بیگانه | |
| circulate (v.) | To move throughout an area or group; to move along a somewhat circular route | The gossip circulated quickly through the small town. | Blood circulates more quickly during physical exercise. |
| corrode (v.) | To be slowly weakened by chemical reactions | Sitting in salt water, the old coins corroded and became very easy to break. | خوردن،پوسیدن،زنگ زدن |
| derive (v.) | To come from, usually through a long, slow process | The Cyrillic alphabet was derived from the Greek alphabet. | |
| expeditiously (adv.) | Quickly and efficiently | Using carrier pigeons, the military commanders exchanged messages expeditiously. | |
| implement (v.) | To make use of; to carry out | Not until after the new software was installed could we implement the new filing system. | اجرا کردن،تکمیل کردن،وسیله،الت |
| innovative (adj.) | Ahead of the times; novel | The innovative use of props and lighting drew many favorable comments. | |
| maintenance (n.) | The act of keeping something in good condition | The only problem with living in such a big house is that it requires a lot of maintenance. | |
| imitation | تقلید،پیروی،بدلی،جعلی | simulation | |
| combustion (n.) | The process of burning | When air quality is poor, combustion of materials in a fireplace is prohibited. | |
| prohibit | منع کردن،تحریم،منع | ||
| convey (v.) | To transport from one place to another; to transmit or make known | A messenger conveyed the prince’s letter to the commander of the army. | |
| discretely (adv.) | Separately; distinctly | In order to understand how the engine worked, each component needed to be studied discretely. | |
| permeate (v.) | To spread or flow throughout; to pass through or penetrate | The smell of cooking permeated the entire apartment building. | نفوذ کردن ، سرایت کردن ، نشت کردن |
| solar (adj.) | Of, or relating to, the sun | The ancient society kept time with a solar calendar. | |
| trigger (v.) | To set off or initiate | I was certain any mention of politics would trigger a big argument. | ماشه،ماشه چیزی را کشیدن،رها کردن،راه انداختن |
| acquisition | The act of taking possession of something | Our recent acquisition of over 2,000 books makes ours the biggest library in the region. | فراگیری، اکتساب، استفاده ، (حق. ) مالکیت. |
| anomaly (n.) | Something unusual | White tigers get their beautiful coloring from a genetic anomaly. | |
| degrade (v.) | To reduce in value or strength | The roads in cold or wet areas of the United States degrade faster than those in warm, sunny regions. | |
| gap (n.) | Opening; a big difference in amount or quality | The small gap between the walls in the old house caused cold drafts to come in. | |
| indisputable (adj.) | Beyond doubt; unquestionable | The members of the jury found her guilty because they found the facts of the case indisputable. | بطور غیر قابل بحث، بطور مسلم |
| intervene (v.) | To come between | A good mediator intervenes only as much as necessary to settle a dispute between other parties. | حائل شدن .مداخله کردن |
| mediator | میانجی، دلال | ||
| dispute | مشاجره ، نزاع، جدال کردن | ||
| intuitively (adv.) | By means of a natural sense about things that are hard to observe | Many mothers know intuitively when something is wrong with their children. | بصیری،ذاتی |
| recede (v.) | To move back or away from | After the age of 30, his hairline began to recede further back from his forehead. | پس رفتن |
| retrieve (v.) | To bring or get back | Most dogs can be trained to retrieve objects that their owners have thrown. | باز یافتن،پس گرفتن |
| cultivation (n.) | Preparing the land to grow crops; improvement for agricultural purposes | With the development of land cultivation, hunters and gatherers were able to settle in one place. | کشت زراعت تربیت ترویج |
Created by:
baharcham
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