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Reli 230 Midterm
ID terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Apologists | (120-220)Christian writers, defended faith from persecutors. Martyrs: Justin, Paul, Peter, James. |
| Gnosticism | (2nd cent) Sect of Christianity, Jesus is source of knowledge of salvation and enlightenment. Platonic dualism, rejected resurrection. |
| Edict of Milan | (313) Constantine I made Christianity legal, put official end to persecution. Started acceptance of Christianity. |
| Council of Nicaea | (325) First ecumenical council to solve issue of Arianism (Trinity). Gregorian calendar, easter, and canon law. |
| St. Benedict | (early 5th) Benedictine Order (529) and Monasticism. Preserved ancient texts, started schools and monasteries. |
| Gregory the Great | (590-604) Pope, Gregorian and liturgical reforms. Consolidated authority in Rome. |
| Great Schism | (1054) Split: Eastern Orthodox & Roman Catholic. Theological disputes: Eucharist, papal power, role of Constantinople. |
| Investiture Controversy | (11th-12th) Secular officers buying offices in Church. Conflict of Church and State and authority. |
| First Crusade | (1095-1099) Urban II, taking Jerusalem from Islam. Established pope as high secular power w/ army. |
| Scholasticism | (13th-14th) Critical though & reasoning in Church. Divine will and univosity of being. |
| Innocent III | (1198-1216) Led 4th Crusade to take Constantinople. Formally cemented schism. |
| 100 years War | (1337-1453) England vs. France over French kingdom. Corruption and power abuse led to Western Schism. |
| Great Western Schism | (1378-1417) Two popes: Avignon & Rome. Reconciled under Pope Martin V. |
| Conciliar Movement | (15th) Established papal authority in Rome. Ended Western Schism and established papal infallibility |
| Nominalism | (Plato, 5th cent.) Thought movement: abstract ideas exist, objects do not. Challenged existence of God. |
| John Wycliffe | (14th) Translated Bible into vernacular. Undermined papal authority, advocated secular power, gave power to laity. |
| Martin Luther | (Early 16th) Protestant movement: salvation by faith and grace alone. Condemned indulgences and translated Bible to German while in exile. |
| John Calvin | (16th) French reformer: against use of images of Jesus/God. Moderate approach to theology and social transformation |
| Council of Trent | (1545-1563) Ecumenical council: consolidated Roman control. Condemned Protestant heresies, clarified church doctrines: salvation, sacraments, canon. |
| Puritanism | (16th-17th) English Protestants, rejected hedonism. Stricter worship & doctrine. |
| Febronianism | (18th) Movement of nationalizing Catholicism. United dissident churches & denied pope power. |
| Great Awakening | (18th) English & American movement of increased religious zeal. Edwards + Whitefield = piety & personal experience in mass. |
| Second Great Awakening | (early 19th) New sects in Catholocism. |
| Friedrich Schleiermacher | (1768-1834) German religious philosopher: dependence on God. Personal interpretation of God and piety. |
| Pius IX | (1846-1878) Pope, convened Vatican I. Papal infallibility, Mary doctrine. |
| Vatican I | (1869) Council: reaction to revolutions in Europe. Permanence of dogma & faith & reason. |
| Modernist Controversy | (early 20th) Movement of theologians to use reason and science to understand religion. Excommunicated and condemned by Church. |
| Liturgical Movement | (20th-V2) Worship reform in church. Increased involvement, singing, vernacular, gregorian chants, priest faces. |
| Aggiornamento | Bringing the church up to date. Spirit of change and open-mindedness -> Gaudium et Spes |
| Pius XII | (1939-1958) Liturgical reform, stepping stones to VII. WWII: advocating peace & reconciliation. |
| John XIII | (1958-1963) Pope, called V2, designed to be ecumenical. Prepared bishops and documents. Short-term filler. |
| Roman Curia | Council of church, governing body. high-ranking church officials |
| Ecuminism | Listening/cooperating with other Christian religions to work towards unity. V2 was, V1 wasn't. |
| Paul VI | (1963-1978) Pope after John XXIII, continued V2. Improved relations between Orthodox and Protestants. |
Created by:
mwright555
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