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European Expansion
SS Chapter 16 vocab and key facts
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| supported explorers by funding shipbuilding and tool innovation (1450s) | Prince Henry the Navigator |
| first European explorer to sail around the tip of Africa (1488) | Bartholomeu Dias |
| first European explorer to sail around Africa to India (1498) | Vasco da Gama |
| first European explorer to reach the Americas trying to reach Asia by sailing west (1492) | Christopher Columbus |
| first European explorer to sail west to reach Asia and continue around the globe (circumnavigation); his crew finished the journey without him | Ferdinand Magellan |
| the reason European explorers were willing to risk lives to find a sea route to Asia | faster and safer trade routes; to get rich |
| European explorer who traveled along the Silk Road to trade in Asia (1295) | Marco Polo |
| Italian astronomer who used the telescope to prove the heliocentric theory | Galileo |
| English scientist who continued the study of heliocentric theory and gravity | Isaac Newton |
| idea that Earth is the center of solar system and all other planets revolve around it | geocentric |
| idea that the sun is the center of solar system and all planets revolve around it | heliocentric |
| force that pulls objects to Earth and draws planets into orbits around the sun | gravity |
| optical instrument for making distant objects such as planets and stars appear nearer and larger | telescope |
| person who teaches his or her religion to people with different beliefs | missionary |
| Spanish conqueror who came to the Americas to search for gold, land, and glory | conquistador |
| to adopt or cause someone to adopt a new religion | convert |
| large agricultural estate owned to Spaniards or the church | hacienda |
| imaginary line drawn across North and South America in 1494 to divide the claims of Spain and Portugal | Line of Demarcation |
| from the 1500s to the mid-1800s, the triangular-shaped trade routes between the Americas, England, and Africa which involved buying and selling captive Africans, guns, sugar, and iron | triangular trade |
| the difficult voyage made by enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to the West Indies where they were sold | Middle Passage |
| a large farming estate where mainly a single crop is grown; until the mid-1800s where slaves often worked | plantation |
| tall grass with a thick, woody stem containing a liquid that is a source of sugar | sugarcane |
Created by:
ksteffen@esu10.org
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