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MusculoskeletalGREEN
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What do Muscles do | They are composed of contractile cells or fibers.They provide movement,contribute to posture,produce body heat& act as a protective covering for internal organs. |
| What does Fleshy attachment mean | Muscle fibers arise directly from bone. These fibers distribute force over wide areas, but are weaker than a fibrous attachment. |
| What is a fibrous attachment | Connective tissue that converges at the end of the muscle to become continuous&distinguishable from the periosteum. |
| What is it called when connective tissue fibers form a cord or strap | a Tendon |
| What is a ligament | A flexible band of fibrous tissue that is highly adapted for resisting strains. A principal mechanical factor that holds bones close together in a synovial joint. |
| Bones serve as a what | A storehouse for minerals, particularly phosphorus & calcium. |
| Somewhat cube shaped, consist of a core spongy bone | Short bones or Cancellous bone (Ex. ankle bones,wrists, and toes) |
| Bones that cannot be classified as short or long bones because of their complex shapes | Irregular bones. (Ex. vertebrae & the bones of the middle ear) |
| Bones that provide broad surfaces for musclar attachment or protection for internal organs | Flat bones. (Ex. Bones of the Skull, Should blades, & Sternum) |
| Found in the appendages(Extremities) of the body, such as legs, arms, & fingers | Long bones.(Parts of the long bones);Diaphysis,the shaft or long main portion which consists of 2compact bones surrounding the medullary cavity.Distal&proximal epiphysis are the 2ends of the bones covered w.articular cartilage&a spongy bone chamber.P |
| Found in the appendages continued.. | Periosteum is a dense, white, fibrous membrane that covers the remaining surface of the bone. |
| The skeletal system of a human adult consists of how many individual bones | 206. |
| What is the Axial Skeleton divided into | 3 major regions; Skull, Rib Cage & Vertebral Column. Provides protection for internal organs. |
| How many bones does the Cranium have | 8. The Frontal bone, Parietal bone, Coronal suture,Occipital bone, 2Temporal bones,Sphenoid bone & the ethmoid bone |
| ankyl/o | Stiffness;Bent;Crooked |
| arthr/o | Joint |
| kyph/o | Humpback |
| lamin/o | Lamina(part of vertabral arch) |
| lord/o | Curve,Swayback |
| myel/o | Bone Marrow;Spinal Cord |
| orth/o | Straight |
| oste/o | Bone |
| ped/o | Foot |
| Scol/io | Crooked,Bent |
| Thorac/o | Chest |
| acromi/o | Acromion(projection of scapula) |
| brachi/o | Arm |
| calcane/o | Calcaneum (heel bone) |
| carp/o | Carpus (wrist bone) |
| cephal/o | Head |
| cervic/o | Neck |
| clavicul/o | Clavicle (collar bone) |
| cost/o | Ribs |
| crani/o | Cranium (skull) |
| dactyl/o | Fingers;Toes |
| femor/o | Femur (thigh bone) |
| fibul/o | Fibula (smaller bone of lower leg) |
| humer/o | Humerus (upper arm bone) |
| ili/o | Ilium (lateral,flaring portion of hip bone) |
| ishi/o | Ischium (lower portion of hip bone) |
| lumb/o | Loins (lower back) |
| metacarp/o | Metacarpus (hand bones) |
| metatars/o | Metatarus (foot bones) |
| patell/o | Patella (kneecap) |
| pelv/i | Pelvis |
| pelv/o | Pelvis |
| phalang/o | Phalanges (bones of the fingers and toes) |
| pod/o | Foot |
| pub/o | Pelvis bone (anterior part of pelvic bone) |
| radi/o | Radius (lower arm bone on thumb side) |
| spondyl/o | Vertebrae (backbone) |
| vertebr/o | Vertebrae (backbone) |
| stern/o | Sternum (breastbone) |
| tibi/o | Tibia (larger bone of lower leg) |
| leiomy/o | Smooth muscle (visceral) |
| muscul/o | Muscle |
| my/o | Muscle |
| rhabd/o | Rod-shaped (striated) |
| rhabdomy/o | Rod-shaped (striated) Muscle |
| chondr/o | Cartilage |
| fasci/o | Band, Fascia (fibrous membrane supporting and seperating muscles) |
| fibr/o | Fibrous tissue |
| synov/o | Synovial membrane, Synovial fluid |
| ten/o | Tendon |
| tend/o | Tendon |
| tendin/o | Tendon |
| -asthenia | Weakness, Debility |
| -blast | Embryonic cell |
| -clasia | To break; Surgical Fracture |
| -clast | To break |
| -desis | Binding, Fixation (of a bone or joint) |
| -malacia | Softening |
| -physis | Growth |
| -porosis | Porous |
| -scopy | Visual examination |
| a- | Without, not |
| dys- | Bad, Painful, Difficult |
| sub- | Under, Below |
| supra- | Above, Excessive, Superior |
| syn- | Union, Joined, Together |
| Ankylosis | Stiffening & immobility of a joint as a result of disease, trauma, surgery, or abnormal bone fusion |
| Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) | Painful condition resulting from compression of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel |
| Claudication | Lameness, Limping |
| Contracture | Fibrosis of connective tissue in the ski, fascia, muscle, or joint capsule that prevents normal mobility of the related tissue or joint |
| Crepitation | Dry, grating sound or sensation caused by bone ends rubbing together, indicating a fracture or joint destruction |
| Electromyography | Use of electrical stimulation to record the strength of muscle contraction |
| Exacerbation | Increase in severity of a disease or any of its symptoms |
| Ganglion Cyst | Tumor of tendon sheath or joint capsule, commonly found in the wrist |
| Hemarthrosis | Effusion of blood into a joint cavity |
| Hypotonia | Loss of muscular tone or a diminished resistance to passive stretching |
| Multiple Myeloma | Primary malignant tumor that infiltrates the bone and red bone marrow |
| Osteophyte | Bony outgrowth that occasionally develops on the vertebra and may exert pressure on the spinal cord also called 'bone spur' |
| Phantom Limb | Perceived sensation, following amputation of a limb, that the limb still exists |
| Prosthesis | Replacement of a missing part by an artificial substitute, such as an artificial extremity |
| Rickets | Form of osteomalacia in children caused by vitamin D deficiency; also called 'rachitis' |
| Sequestrum | Fragment of necrosed bone that has become seperated from surrounding tissue |
| Spondylolisthesis | Any slipping (subluxation) of a vertebra from its normal position in relationship to the one beneath it |
| Spondylosis | Degeneration of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae and related tissues |
| Sprain | Tearing of ligament tissue that may be slight, moderate, or complete |
| Subluxation | Partial or incomplete dislocation |
| Talipes Equinovarus | Congenital deformity of one or both feet in which the foot is pulled downward and laterally to the side; also called 'clubfoot' |
| ACL | Anterior Cruciate Ligament |
| AE | Above the Elbow |
| AK | Above the Knee |
| BE | Below the Elbow |
| BK | Below the Knee |
| C1, C2, & so on | Firt Cervical vertebra, Second Cervical vertebra, ect. |
| Ca | Calcium;Cancer |
| CDH | Congenital Dislocation of the Hip |
| CTS | Carpal Tunnel Syndrome |
| CT | Computed Tomography |
| DEXA, DXA | Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry |
| DJD | Degenerative Joint Disease |
| EMG | Electromyography |
| MS | Musculoskeletal |
| Fx | Fracture |
| NSAIDs | Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs |
| MG | Myasthenia Gravis |
| ORTH, ortho | Orthopedics |
| P | Phosphorus |
| HD | Hip Disarticulation |
| HNP | Herniated Nucleus Pulposus |
| PCL | Posterior Cruciate Ligament |
| HP | Hemipelvectomy |
| RA | Rheumatoid Arthritis |
| RF | Rheumatoid Factor |
| IS | Intracostal Space |
| ROM | Range Of Motion |
| SD | Shoulder Disarticulation |
| THA | Total Hip Arthroplasty |
| IM | Intramuscular |
| IV | Intravenous |
| KD | Knee Disarticulation |
| THR | Total Hip Replacement |
| TKA | Total Knee Arthroplasty |
| TKR | Total Knee Replacement |
| TRAM | Transverse Rectus Abdominis Muscle |
| MRI | Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
| MG | Myasthenia Gravis |
| LS | Lumbosacral Spine |
| L1, L2, and so on | First Lumbar vertebra, Second Lumbar vertebra, etc., |
| Antagonist | Muscle that relaxes to allow movement |
| Arthrocentesis | Puncture of a joint space using a needle |
| BMD | Radiographic test to measure bone density |
| Hypotonia | Diminished resistance to passive stretching |
| Laminectomy | Excision of the posterior arch of a vertebra |
| Myelography | Radiography of the spinal cord using contrast medium |
| Open Reduction | repair of a fracture with insertion of screw |
| Pubis | Third portion of hip bone; in fron of bladder |
| Strain | Muscular injury resulting from exerting physical force |
| Sternum | Breast Bone |
| Abduction | Moves away from the midline |
| Supination | Turns the palm up |
| Adduction | Moves closer to the midline |
| Appendage | Any body part attached to a main structure |
| Dorsiflexion | Elevates the foot |
| Extension | Increases the angle of a joint |
| Flexion | Decreases the angle of a joint |
| Hematopoiesis | Development of blood cells |
| Inversion | Moves the sole of the foot inward |
| Kyphosis | Humpback |
| Lordosis | Swayback |
| Plantar Flexion | Lowers the foot (points the toes) |
| Pronation | Turns the palm down |
| Scoliosis | Abnormal rounded curvature |
| Supination | Turns the palm up |
Created by:
Brittanyyy
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