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termCh13
medterms ch 13
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| albumino | protein |
| cysto, vesico | bladder or sac |
| gluco, glucoso, glyco | glucose/sugar |
| keto, ketono | ktone bodies |
| meato | meatus, opening |
| pyelo | renal pelvis |
| uretero | ureter |
| uro, urino | urine |
| medulla | inner part of the kidney |
| calicies, calyces | ducts that carry urine from nephron to renal pelvis |
| glomerulus | small ball shaped cluster of capillaries |
| renal pelvis | basin like portion of ureter |
| urinary bladder | sac that holds urine |
| urethral meatus | opening of urethera |
| creatinine | waste product of muscle metabolism |
| albuminuria, proteinuria | protein in urine |
| bacteriuria | bacteria in urine |
| nocturnal enuresis | bed wetting |
| glucosuria, glycosuria | glucose in urine |
| incontinence | involuntary discharge of urine or feces |
| ketonuria | presence of ketone bodies in urine |
| nocturia | urination at night |
| polyuria | excessive urination |
| glomerulonephritis | nephritis involving glomerulus |
| adult polycystic kidney disease (APKD) | inherited condition of multiple cysts that gradually form in kidney - leads to HTN/renal failure |
| nephritis | inflamm of kidney |
| nephrosis | degenerative disease of renal tubules |
| cystitis | inflammation of bladder |
| urethrocystitis | inflamm of urethra and bladder |
| urinary tract infection | infection of urethra/bladder/ect. |
| kidney biopsy, renal biopsy | removal of kidney tissue for exam |
| IV pyelogram, IV urogram | xray image of urinary tract obtained after iodine contrast medium is injected |
| renal angiogram/arteriogram | xray image of renal artery obtained after injecting contrast |
| abdominal sonogram | abdominal ultrasound image of urinary tract, including kindey and bladder |
| urinalysis (UA) | physical, chemical and microscopic examination of urine |
| urobilinogen | chemical test to detect bile pignment in urine |
| creatinine clearance testings | 24 hour urine specimen to determine clearance rates |
| urologic endoscopic surgery | endoscope surgery |
| nephrotomy | incision into the kidney |
| nephrorrhaphy | suture of injured kidney |
| mephrectomy | excision of kidney |
| stent placement | use of a stent to hold tubes/vessels open |
| continent urostomy | internal reservoir contructed from segment of intestine that diverts urine through an opening in abdominal wall. Valve is created internally to prevent leakage |
| orthotopic bladder, neobladder | bladder constructed from portions of intestine connected to the urethra, allowing "natural" voiding |
| kidney dialysis | filters impurities from the blood - replacing some kidney function |
| straight catheter | collect sterile specimen of urine for testing, removed immediately after use. |
| foley catheter | indewlling catheter insrted to collect urine into a bag |
| bacterio | bacteria |
| dipso | thirst |
| glomerulo | glomerulus, small ball |
| litho | stone |
| nephro, reno | kidney |
| pyo | pus |
| urethro | urethra |
| cortex | outer part of kidney |
| hilum | indented opening in kidney where vessels enter and leave |
| nephron | microscopic functional units in the kidney |
| ureter | tube that carries urine from kidney to bladder |
| ureteropelvic junction | point of connection b/w renal pelvis and ureter |
| urethera | carries urine out of body |
| urea | waste product formed in liver filtered by kidneys and excreted |
| urine | fluid produced by kidneys |
| anuria | absence of urine formation |
| dyuria | painful urination |
| enuresis | involuntary discharge of urine, lack of bladder control |
| hematuria | blood in urine |
| stress urinary incontinence SUI | involuntary discharge of urine w/ coughing, sneezing etc. |
| ketone bodies/compound | metabolism products in urine via bodies unusual use of carbs (diabetes/starvation) |
| oliguria | scanty production of urine |
| pyuria | white cells in urine |
| urinary retention | retention from inability to void. |
| hydronephrosis | pooling of urine in dilated areas of renal pelvis and calices of one or both kidneys caused by obstructed outflow of urine. |
| pyelonephritis | inflamm of renal pelvis |
| nephrolithiasis | presence of renal stone or stones |
| urethritis | inflamm of urethra |
| urethral stenosis | narrowed urethra |
| uremia, azotemia | excess urea and other nitrogenous waste in blood caused by kidney failure |
| cytoscopy | examination of bladder using rigid or flexible cytoscope |
| kidneys, ureters, bladder (KUB) | abdominal xray of kidney ureter bladder; used as scout film for obtaining IV pyelogram |
| scout film | plain-film x-ray image to detect obvious pathology prior to further imaging (KUB before IVP) |
| voiding cystourethrogram (VCU, VCUG) | xray image of bladder, urethra obtained during urination |
| specific gravity | measure of [ ] or dilution of urine |
| nitrite | chemical test to determine presence of bactera in urine |
| BUN | high BUN = inability of one or both kidneys to excrete urea |
| resectoscope | urologic endoscope inserted through urethra to resect lesions of bladder, urethra or prostate |
| intracorporeal lithotripsy | method of destroying stones within urinary tract using discharges of electrical energy |
| nephrolithotomy | incision into kideny for removal of stones |
| pyeloplasty | surgical reconstruction of renal pelvis |
| urinary diversion | creation of temporary or permanent diversion of urinary tract to provide new passage for urine |
| noncontinent ileal conduit | removal of portion of ileum to use as a conduit to which ureters are attached at one end, the other is brought trhough an opening created in abdomen. Urine rains continually into bag |
| extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) | procedure using ultrasound outside the body to bombard and disintegrate stone within |
| hemodialysis | method of removing impurities by pumping patients blood through dialyzer |
| peritoneal dialysis | method of removing impurities using peritoneum as filter; catheter inserted in peritoneal cavity delivers cleasning fluid |
| suprapubic catheter | indewlling catheter inserted directly into bladder through abdominal incison |
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