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Study Guide Ch 10
Chabner, Language of Medicine 8th Edition, Chpt 10 Nervous System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| part of the brain responsible for coordinating muscle movements and maintaining balance | cerebellum |
| myoneural pertains to...? | muscles and nerves |
| acetylcholine is a ... ? | neurotransmitter |
| part of the nerve cell that first receives the nervous impluse is the | dendrite |
| elevated portions of the cerebral cortex are called | Gyri |
| causalgia | burning sensation of pain |
| a network of interlacing nerve fibers in the peripheral nervous system | Plexus |
| portion of the brain that controls the pituitary gland, water balance, and boyd temp | Hypothalamus |
| glial cells | Astrocytes |
| space between nerve cells is called the | synapse |
| part of the brain that controls breathing, heartbeat, and size of blood vessels | medulla oblongata |
| inability to speak | aphasia "no speech" -phasia = speech |
| collection of spinal nerves below the end of the spinal cord | Cauda equina |
| x-ray record of the spinal cord | myelogram |
| collection of blood within the meningeal layers | subdural hematoma |
| abnormal sensation of tingling or prickling (pins and needles) | paresthesia |
| inflammation of a sinal nerve root | radiculitis |
| a highly malignant brain tumor | glioblastoma |
| paralysis of four extremities | Quadraplegia |
| cerebral aneurysm, thrombosis, or hemorrhage can be the cause of | cerebrovascular accident (STROKE) |
| fainting | syncope |
| spina bifida is associated with | meningomyelocele (mening/o, myel/o, cele) |
| shuffling gait is a symptom of _____ disease? | Parkinson Disease |
| disorder of reading, writing, and learning is | dyslexia |
| condition of NO nervous sensation | anesthesia (no pain, no feelings at all) |
| three protective membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord | meninges |
| microscopic fiber that carries the nervous impulse along a nerve cell | axon |
| a large interlacing network of nerves | plexus (plexuses) |
| branching fiber that is the FIRST part of a neuron to receive a nervous impulse | dendrite |
| protective fatty tissue that surrounds the axon of a nerve cell | myelin sheath |
| collection of spinal nerves below the end of the spinal cord | cauda equina |
| glial cell that produces myelin | oligodendroglia (scanty dendrites) |
| outer region of the largest part of the brain; composed of gray matter | cerebral cortex |
| the _____ _____ nerve carries messages TOWARD the brain FROM receptors | sensory nerve |
| essential cell of the nervous system; a neuron | parenchymal cell |
| innermost meningeal membrane | pia mater |
| elevations in the cerebral cortex | gyri |
| acetylcholine is an example of this chemical released into a synapse | neurotransmitter |
| the _____ _____ contains cerebrospinal fluid | subarachnoid space |
| slow movement | bradykinesia (kinesia = movement, brady = slow) |
| increased nervous sensation | hyperesthesia |
| seizure of sleep | narcolepsy |
| movements and behavior are not purposeful | apraxia |
| fainting | syncope |
| burning pain | causalgia |
| no coordination | ataxia (if you stumble, call a taxi) haha |
| slight paralysis in half the body | hemiparesis |
| destruction of myelin sheath; replacement by plaques of hard scar tissue | multiple sclerosis |
| sudden, transient disturbances of brain function marked by seizures | Epilepsy |
| loss of muscle strength, breakdown of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter | myasthenia gravis |
| degeneration of nerves in the brain leading to tremors, shuffling gait, and muscle stiffness - dopamine is deficient in the brain | Parkinson disease |
| deteoriation of mental capacity (dementia), cerebral cortex atrophy, microscopic neurofibrillary tangles | Alzheimer disease |
| Unilateral facial paralysis | palsy (Bell Palsy) |
| relieving but not curing | pallative |
| major convulsive epileptic seizure | Tonic-Clonic Seizure |
| peculiar symptoms appearing before more definite symptoms | aura |
| malignant brain tumor of immature glial cells | glioblastoma multiforme |
| interruption of blood supply to the cerebrum | transient ischemic attack |
| minor form of epileptic seizure | absence seizure |
| blockage | occlusion |
| neurotransmitter (type of) | dopamine |
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penguin
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