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Study Guide Ch 5
Chabner, Language of Medicine 8th Edition, Ch 5 Digestive System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Combining form of the first part of the large intestine is ... ? | cec/o (cecum) |
| Pertaining to the abdomen | celiac (celi/o), belly, abdomen (abdominal) |
| Muscular wave-like movement to transport food through the digestive system | Peristalsis (rhythmic contractions of the tubes of the gastrointestional tracts and other tubular structures) |
| Part of the tooth that contains a rich supply of nerves and blood vessels | Pulp (soft tissue within the tooth) |
| Gingiv/o means ... ? | Gums, gum tissue. Gingivitis is an example of inflammation of the gum tissues. |
| Buccal means ... ? | Pertaining to the cheek. (-al = pertaining to, bucc/o = cheek) |
| high blood levels of a pigment released by the liver with bile (can lead to jaundice) | hyperbilirubinemia (-emia = abnormal blood condition, billirubin = byproduct of dead red blood cells, hyper- = an excessive amount of or more than normal, fast. |
| carries bile into the duodenum | Common Bile Duct (aka: choledochus) -us = structure, doch/o = duct, chole = gallbladder) |
| Enzyme to digest starch | Amylase |
| Chronic inflammation of the intestional tract | Chron disease |
| ring of muscles | sphincter |
| specialist in gums | Periodontist - (specialist in tissues supporting the teeth, alveolar bone, gingiva (gums) |
| stomat/o | mouth (an opening) |
| Cheil/o | Labi/o = LIP (cheil/o and labi/o both mean "lip") |
| stone in a salivary gland | sailadenolithiasis (-asis = abnormal condition, lithi = stone, aden/o = gland, sial/o = salivary) |
| membrane that connects parts of small intestine | mesentery (part of peritoneum - holds organs in place - lies in middle of intenstines) (-y = condition or process), (enter/o = intestines), (mes- = middle) |
| New opening from the large bowel to the surface of the body | colostomy (-stomy = new opening, col/o = colon) |
| Lack of appetite | Anorexia "no appetite" |
| Another term for jaundice | Hyperbillirubinemia. --- HYPER --- BILLIRUBIN --- EMIA . (abnormal blood condition of excessive billirubin in the blood) |
| esophageal varices are ... ? | swollen twisted veins, in the esophagus (varices = varix = enlarged tortuous vein, artery, or lymphatic vessel) (-al = pertaining to) the esophagus |
| abnormal side pockets in a hollow organ, such as the intestine | diverticula (condition of is called diverticulosis, an active inflammation or attack is called diverticulitis) |
| Telescoping of the intestine | intussusception |
| Difficulty in swallowing | Dysphagia (-ia = condition, phag = swallow, dys- = difficulty) |
| white plaques on the mucosa of the mouth | Oral Leukoplakia (oral = mouth, plakia = plaques, leuk/o = white) |
| cecum | First part of the Large intestine |
| duodenum | First part of the Small intestine |
| gallbladder | small sac - under the liver - stores bile |
| pancreas | organ under the stomach - produces insulin and enzymes |
| colon | "the Large Intestine" |
| esophagus | tube connecting the throat - to the stomach |
| ileum | Third part of the Small Intestine |
| pharynx | throat |
| swollen, twisted veins in the rectal region are... ? | hemmorrhoids |
| chronic liver disease resulting from alcoholism and malnutrition is called... ? | cirrhosis |
| failure of peristalsis (wave-like motions) | ileus (intestional obstruction - prevents peristalsis from occurring) |
| calculi in the sac that stores bile | cholecystolithiasis (gallstones) |
| sore or lesion of the mucous membrane in the stomach or duodenum | peptic ulcer (peptic = stomach, ulcer = sore, lesion) |
| Painful, inflamed intestines often caused by bacterial infection | dysentry (-y = process or condition), (dys- = painful), (enter/o = intestines) |
| Chronic inflammation of the large bowel WITH ulcers | Ulcerative Colitis (colitis = inflammation of the colon or large bowel), (ulcerative = pertaining to the presence of ulcers) |
| group of gastrointestinal symptoms associated with stress, but without inflammation of the intestines | "Irritable Bowel Syndrome" or IBS |
| steatorrhea | fats are improperly digested and appear in the feces (-rrhea = flow or discharge, steat/o = fats) |
| Inflammation of the liver caused by Type A, Type B, or Type C virus. | Hepatitis (-itis = inflammation, hepat/o = liver) |
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