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Stack #84864
Most Frequent Causes - USMLE Step 1 - First Aid
| Most Frequent Cause of... | (Answer) |
|---|---|
| Addison's | Autoimmune (2nd MC: infection) |
| Aneurysm, dissecting | HTN |
| Aortic aneurysm, abdominal & descending aorta | Atherosclerosis |
| Aortic aneurysm, ascending | 3° syphilis |
| Bacterial meningitis (adult) | Neisseria meningitidis |
| Bacterial meningitis (elderly) | Strep. pneumo. |
| Bacterial meningitis (kids) | H. influenzae type B |
| Bacterial meningitis (infants) | E. coli |
| Cancer assoc. w/ AIDS | Kaposi's sarcoma |
| Congenital adrenal hyperplasia | 21-hydroxylase defic. |
| Cretinism | Iodine defic./hypothyroidism |
| Cushing's syndrome | Corticosteroids (2nd MC: ↑ACTH by pituitary) |
| Death in CML | Blast crisis |
| Death in SLE | Lupus nephropathy |
| Dementia | Alzheimer's (2nd MC: multi-infarct) |
| DIC | Gram-neg. sepsis, obstetric complications, cancer, burn trauma |
| Ejection click | Aortic/pulmonic stenosis |
| Food poisoning | S. aureus |
| Glomerulonephritis (adults) | IgA nephropathy (Berger's disease) |
| Hematoma—epidural | Middle meningeal a. (FAST) |
| Hematoma—subdural | Bridging v. (trauma; slow) |
| Hemochromatosis | Multiple blood transfusions (can → CHF and ↑ risk of HCC) |
| Hepatic cirrhosis | EtOH |
| Hepatocellular carcinoma | Cirrhotic liver (often assoc. w/ Hep B and C) |
| Holosystolic murmur | VSD, tricuspid regurg., mitral regurg. |
| HTN, 2° | Renal disease |
| Hypoparathyroidism | Thyroidectomy |
| Hypopituitarism | Adenoma |
| Infection in blood transfusion | Hep C |
| Infection in burn victims | Pseudomonas |
| Leukemia (adults) | AML |
| "Machine-like" murmur | PDA |
| Mental retardation | Down's (2nd MC: Fragile X) |
| MI | Atherosclerosis |
| Mitral valve stenosis | Rheumatic heart disease |
| Myocarditis | Coxsackie B |
| NephrOtic syndrome (adults) | Membranous GN |
| NephrOtic syndrome (kids) | MCD (assoc. w/ infections/vaccinations; ℞= corticosteroids) |
| Opening snap | Mitral stenosis |
| Osteomyelitis | S. aureus |
| Osteomyelitis, sickle cell disease | Salmonella |
| Osteomyelitis, IVDA | Pseudomonas |
| Pancreatitis (acute) | EtOH & gallstones |
| Pancreatitis (chronic) | EtOH (adults), cystic fibrosis (kids) |
| Peau d'orange | Breast cancer |
| PID | Neisseria gonorrhoeae (monoarticular arthritis) |
| Pneumonia, hospital-acquired | Klebsiella |
| Pneumonia, cystic fibrosis, burn infections | Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| Preventable blindness | Chlamydia |
| 1° amenorrhea | Turner's (XO) |
| 1° hyperaldosteronism | Adenoma of adrenal cortex |
| 1° hyperparathyroidism | Adenoma |
| Pulmonary HTN | COPD |
| R. heart failure, pulmonary cause | Cor pulmonale |
| R-sided heart failure | L-sided heart failure |
| Sheehan's syndrome | Postpartum pituitarty infartion, 2° to hemorrhage |
| SIADH | Small cell carcinoma of lung |
| UTI | E. coli |
| UTI, young ♀ | E. coli & Staph. saprophyticus |
Created by:
CopaceticMedic
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