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NVRA Medical study
Medical Terminology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| abduct | draw away from median line of the body |
| abscess | localized collection of pus buried in tissues, organs, or confined spaces |
| acetabulum | socket in the pelvis within which the head of the femur fits |
| acromioclavicular joint | shoulder – collarbone junction |
| adduct | draw toward the median line of the body |
| allesthesia | the circumstance whereby a sensation such as pain or touch is experienced at a point remote from that at which the stimulus occurs |
| anastomosis | a connection between two vessels |
| brachial plexus | a network of vessels and nerves in the shoulder/arm region |
| bronchiectasis | dilation of the bronchial tubes |
| bruit | sound or murmur heard in auscultation, especially an abnormal one |
| cardiology | the study of the heart and its functions |
| cerebrospinal | pertaining to the brain and spinal cord |
| Cesarean section | a surgical incision through the abdominal wall and uterus, performed to deliver a fetus |
| cholecystectomy | excision of the gallbladder |
| chondromalacia | abnormal softening of cartilage |
| creatinine | substance found in muscle and blood and excreted in the urine |
| discogram | graphic record of the view of an intervertebral disk |
| dysphagia | difficulty in swallowing |
| edema | presence of abnormally large amounts of fluid in the intercellular tissue spaces of the body |
| encephalopathy | any degenerative disease of the brain |
| fasciculated | clustered together or occurring in bundles |
| fasciitis | inflammation of a fascia, a band of fibrous tissue that lies deep under the skin |
| foramenotomy | the operation of removing the roof of the intervertebral foramina for the relief of nerve root compression |
| fundus | the bottom or base of anything – e.g., uterus, eye |
| gallbladder | small, pear-shaped muscular sac, located under the right lobe of the liver, in which bile secreted by the liver is stored until needed by the body for digestion |
| gastroenteritis | an acute inflammation of the lining of the stomach and intestines |
| glioblastoma | a rapidly growing tumor |
| hypotension | abnormally low blood pressure |
| hypoxia | reduction of sufficient oxygen in tissues in spite of adequate blood supply |
| ileum | a portion of the small intestine |
| ileus | a bowel obstruction |
| ilium | pelvis; part of the hipbone |
| laminectomy | excision of the posterior arch of a vertebra |
| laminotomy | division of the lamina of a vertebra |
| laparoscopy | examination of the interior of the abdomen by means of instrument called a laparoscope |
| lordosis | abnormally increased curvature of the thoracic and lumbar spine |
| luxation | dislocation in which bone is displaced from its normal position in the joint cavity |
| musculoskeletal | pertaining to or comprising the skeleton and the muscles |
| nephrology: | scientific study of the kidney, its anatomy, physiology, pathology, and pathophysiology |
| neurology | that branch of medical science which deals with the nervous system |
| nystagmus | involuntary, rapid movement of the eyeball |
| oophorocystectomy | excision of an ovarian cyst |
| ophthalmology | branch of medical science dealing with the anatomy, functions and diseases of the eye |
| orthopedics | that branch of surgery and medical science which is specially concerned with the preservation and restoration of the function of the skeletal system, its articulations, and associated structures |
| paracentesis | aspiration |
| patella | kneecap |
| petechia | a tiny red spot on the skin, but usually used in the plural |
| perfusion | the passage of a fluid through the vessels of a specific organ |
| plantar fasciitis | inflammation of the fascia of the sole of the foot |
| pulmonology | the medical science concerned with the anatomy, physiology, and pathology of the lungs |
| Raynaud's disease | vascular disorder characterized by ischemia of the fingers or toes |
| syncope | temporary suspension of consciousness, a faint or swoon |
| spondylitis | inflammation of one or more vertebrae |
| spondylosis | degenerative changes of vertebrae |
| spondylolisthesis | forward displacement of lumbar vertebra |
| stapedectomy | surgical creation of a small opening in the stapes |
| venous | of or pertaining to the veins |
| viscid | sticky, thick |
| xiphoid | shaped like a sword, as in xiphoid process |
| a- | without/absence of |
| ab- | away from |
| ad- | to/toward |
| an- | without |
| ante- | before |
| anti- | against |
| bi- | two |
| brady- | slow |
| contra- | against |
| ecto- | outside |
| endo- | within |
| exo- | outside |
| glyc- | sweet |
| hyper- | above |
| hypo- | below |
| im- | not |
| infra- | under or below |
| inter- | between |
| intra- | inside |
| mal- | bad |
| macro- | large |
| meso- | middle |
| meta- | after |
| mut- | change |
| patho- | disease |
| peri- | surrounding |
| retro- | back |
| sub- | under or below |
| supra- | above |
| super- | over or above |
| tachy- | fast |
| trans- | through, across,beyond |
| ultra- | beyond, excess |
| -algia | pain |
| -asis | condition |
| -asthenia | weakness |
| -ectomy | excision, surgical removal |
| -emia | blood condition |
| -genic | producing, causing |
| -itia, itis | inflammation |
| -lysis | reduction, destruction |
| -megaly | enlargement |
| -oma | tumor, swelling |
| -oscopy, -osopy | to view |
| -ostomy | creation of artificial opening |
| -otomy | cut into |
| -pathy | disease |
| -penia | insufficiency |
| -plegia | paralysis |
| -pnea | breathing |
| -sclerosis | hardening |
| -sepsis | infection |
| -stasis | control or stop |
| -tropic | influencing |
| bronch | windpipe |
| cardi | heart |
| cutane | skin |
| carp | wrist |
| cyst | bladder |
| cyt | cell |
| derm | skin |
| dors | back |
| encephal | brain |
| enter | intestines |
| erythr | red |
| gangli | swelling |
| gastr | stomach |
| hema | blood |
| hepat | liver |
| homeo | same |
| lact | milk |
| leuko | white |
| lip | fat |
| mening | membrane |
| morph | shape or form |
| myo | muscle |
| nephr | kidney |
| olfact | to smell |
| oo | egg ovum |
| oss, oste | bone |
| phleb | vein |
| pleur | rib |
| pod | foot |
| proct | rectum |
| psych | mind |
| pyr | fever |
| ren | kidney |
| scler | hard |
| somat | body |
| strat | layer |
| thromb | clot |
| ven | vein |
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