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Phlebotomy dwall2674
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Increases risk of CHD | Smoking |
| Increases HDL cholesterol | Exercise |
| 70-110 mg/dl | Fasting Blood Sugar |
| Syphilis Test | VDRL |
| High Blood Sugar | Hyperglycemia |
| Detects Liver Disease | ALT |
| Provides energy for the body | Glucose |
| Rheumatoid arthritis test | RH |
| Series of Glucose Tests | GTT (Glucose Test Tolerance) |
| Kissing disease | Mononucleuosis |
| Normal <150 mg/dl | Triglycerides |
| Combines with an antigen | Antibody |
| Cholesterol: 200-239 | Borderline High |
| #1 Killer in United States | Heart Disease |
| Increases cholesterol | Saturated Fat |
| Makes Cholesterol | Liver |
| Low Blood Sugar | Hypoglycemia |
| Stored Glucse | Glycogen |
| Assists in confirming a mycardial infaraction | Lactate (LD) |
| Detects renal disease | BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) |
| Bad Cholesteral | LDL |
| Good Cholesteral | HDL |
| Which of the following assists the physician in making a diagnosis? Health history, Physicial examination, lab tests, diagnostic tests or ALL of these | All of these |
| Which of the followin occurs when the body is in homeostasis? Lab test results are above normal, An imbalance exists in the body, Lab test results fall within the normal range or Lab test results are invalid | Lab test results fall within the normal range |
| What is an example of using a lab test to regulate treatment? | A diabetic patient tests his or her blood to determine hwo much insulin to administer |
| What is the purpose of performing a routine test? | To assist in the early detection of disease |
| What is an example of using a lab test to assist in the differential diagnosis of a patients condition? | Performing a strep test to determine if a patient has strep throat or pharyngitis |
| T/F: Instructions for testing specimens is found in the laboratory directory | FALSE, Names of tests, PT Prep , amnt & type, handling & storage is in it (not "how to" test specimens (training does that) |
| What types of things are included on a lab request form? | Physicians name and address, PT age and gender, date and time of collection of the specimen, source of the specimen |
| What is a profile? | A number of lab tests providing related information |
| T/F: Glucose is included as part of a Lipid Profile | False, Total Cholesterol, High density lipoprotein cholesterol and Triglycerides make up a lipid profile |
| What is the purpose of a lab report? | To relay the results of lab tests to the physician |
| What is the purpose of the patient accession number found on the lab report? | To provide identification of each speciment in the lab |
| The purpose of patient perparation for a lab test is to: | Provide a specimen that yields accurate test results |
| A patient who is fasting (in preparation for a lab test) is allowed to consume: | water |
| Which of the following tests require fasting? GTT, Comprehensive metabolic profile, Triglycerides, FBS, ALL of them | ALL of them |
| Antibiotics taken by the patient before the collection of a throat specimen for culture may result in: | A false negative report |
| A small sample taken from the body to represent the nature of the whole is known as a: | specimen |
| If a laboratory report is returned to the medical office marked "QNS" this means that | Quantity Not Sufficient |
| Why is it important to handle and store a specimen properly? | To maintain the in vivo qualities of the specimen |
| The purpose of CLIA is to: | Improve the quality of lab testing in the US |
| Which of the following is an example of a CLIA waived test? Pap test, Urine pregnancy testing, white blood cell count, microscopic analysis of urine sediment | urine pregnancy test |
| The purpose of quality control is to: | Ensure the accurate and valid test results |
| T/F: Opening a centriguge before it comes to a complete stop is a violation of laboratory safety precautions? | TRUE |
| According to CLIA a pap smear is an example of a | high complexity test |
| According to the CLIA a mcroscopic analysis of urine sediment is an example of a | Moderately complex test |
| Found on the lab report, its purpose is to provide identification of each specimen in the laboratory | patient acession number |
| A urine pregnancy test is an example of a CLIA ______ test | waived |
| A number of lab test providing related info is a | profile |
| acronym for quantity not sufficient | QNS |
| acronym for other potential infectious material | OPIM |
| To alert lab personnel to the presence of a pathogen, to assist in billing, and to correlate lab data with the needs of the Dr are all reason for indication the _______ _______ on the lab request form | Clinical Diagnosis |
| Its purpose is to assist in the early detection of a disease | Routine Test |
| Lab test results fall within normal range when the body is in this | Homeostatis |
| LDL stands for | Low Density lipoprotein (lousy cholesterol) |
| HDL stands for | High Density lipoprotein (good cholesterol) |
| acronym meaning to perform immediately | STAT |
| what is serum | the clear, straw colored part of the blood (plasma) that remains after the solid elements and the clotting factor fibrinogen have been seperated out of it. |
| P/T stands for | Prothrombin time (protime) clotting time to regulate blood thinners such as coumadin |
| Give examples of reasons for lab tests: | Confirm clinical diagnosis, Assist in Differential diagnosis, obtain info about a PT condition, to eval pt progress and regulate treatment, est base line level, prevent or reduce severity of disease, as Required by Law |
| If an outdated evacuated tube is used to collect blood the tube may no longer have a | vaccuum |
| When selecting a vein for venipuncture this hsould not be used to palpate the vein | Thumb |
| on palpation a scarred vein feels | stiff and hard |
| Color stopper used to collect blood specimen for most blood chemistry tests | lavendar |
| an evacuation glass tube with a red stopped contains | nothing (no reagent) |
| what is the name of the vein considered to be the best vein to use for venipuncture | medial cubital vein |
| This may occur if the needle is removed from the arm before removing the tourniquet | bleeding |
| After drawing a blood speciment for an electrlyte profile, th e next step is to allow the speciment to satnd in an upright position for thirty to _________ minutes | forty five |
| The color stopper tube used to collect blood specimen for a PT test | light blue |
| a finger puncture made deeper than 3/1 mm may pentrate the | bone |
| Its purpose is to make the patients veins more prominent | tourniquet |
| Needle gauge used for venipuncture for a blood donation | 16 |
| an individual that collects blood specimens | phlebotomist |
| veins most likely to collapse when performing a venipuncture | small |
| removing the plastic holdr from the needle to reuse is a violation of | OSHA |
| Keeping the patient's arm in a downward position during a venipuncture prevents this | venous reflux |
| most common needle gauge used for adult venipuncture | 21 |
| these veins have a tendencyh to roll, are move diffcult to stick, are more uncomfortable for the PT and are more susceptible to collapsing | hand |
| Olbtained using a tube containing an anticoagulant | Whole Blood |
| most common needle gauge used for the elderly and pediatric venipuncture | 23 |
| color stopper tube sued to collect a blood specimen for a CBC | lavender |
| an evacuation glass tube with a lavender stopper contains | EDTA |
| Site used for skin puncture on an infant | heel |
| ak winged-infusion set | butterfly needle |
| aka rubbing alcohol | isoprophyl alcohol |
| anticoagulant that prevents platelets from clumping and preserves the appearance of blood cells | EDTA |
| vacuatiner tube used for hematolgy testing | lavender |
| the thixotropic gel found in red-gray marbled vacutainer tube is _________ dense than serum | more |
| liquid portion of the blood that contains clotting factors | plasma |
| leaving a tourniquet on longer than the recommended time can result in this | hemoconcentration |
| part of the needle that should be facing up during the insertion of the needle in the vein during routine venipuncture | bevel |
| the thixotropic gel found in red-gray marbled topped vacutainer tube is ___ dense tha the RBCs | less |
| during a routine venipuncture the patient is asked to do this after the blood enters the first tube being drawn | release their fist |
| commonly used to prevent infection during venipuncture | anticeptic wipe |
| typical site for a capillary puncture on an adult | ring finger or middle finger |
| a mixture of both arterial blood and venous blood | capillary blood |
| the needle size commonly used on infants and elderly patients is | 23 gauge |
| can be the result of a tourniquest be tied too tight | petechiae |
| the needle size most commonly used by a blood bank | 16 |
| without a clot activator whole blood typically clots within 30 to ________ minutes | 60 |
| type of consent needed before a venipuncture | verbal |
| the silica particles contained in the red/gray marbled topped vacuatiner tube enhances | clotting |
| devise used for capillary puncture | lancet |
| plasma could be retrieved from a gray topped or _____________ __________ vacutainer tube | lavender topped |
| vacutainer tube that contains no anticoagulants | red topped |
| vacutatiner tube use for blood collection during glucose tolerance test | gray |
| vacutainer tube used for blood collection of blood gases | green |
| the purpose of a tourniquet during venipunture is to prevent venous flow out of the site and to cause the vein to | bulge |
| best protection from needle stick injury is to the the ___________ after venipuncture | SESIP (sharps box/container) |
| what percentage of decisions made by the physicians are based on lab findings | 80% |
| angle in which the needle enters the arm during a routine venipuncture should be _____ to _____ degrees | 15% to 30% |
| portion of the venipuncture needle that fits into the syringe of vacutainer adapter | hub |
| The size of the evacuated tue you choose to obtain a venous blood specimen depends on the | Amount of specimen required for the test |
| What is the correct order of draw for the vacuum tube method of venipuncture | Red, Green, Lavendar, gray |
| During the venipuncture procedure, a sudden swelling occurs in the area around the puncture site you should: | immediately remove the tourniquest and then the needle |
| Which of the following may result in hemolysis of the blood specimen? | using a needle with a small lumen to collect the specimen |
| Hemolysis of a blood speciment results in | inaccurate test results |
| Which of the following is found in the serum of the blood? Glucose, Hormones, Antibodies, ALL of the above | ALL of the above |
| When performing a capillary puncture, the finger should not be squezzed to avoid | Diluting the blood sample with Tissue Fluid |
| T/F Concerning venipuncture needles, the smaller the gauge, the larger the lumen of the needle | True |
| T/F Once the top of the vacutainer tube has been punctured, it cannot be resued, even if the needle that punctured it was sterile | True |
| When drawing a venous blood sample from the hand, a tourniquet should never be used | False (always use a tourniquet) |
| T/F Verbal consent from a patient is necessary before a venipuncture | True |
| T/F Capillary blood is a mixture of arterial blood and venous blood | true |
| t/f During insertion of the needle into the vein during a routine venipuncture, the bevel of the needle should be facing down | False |
| Color of vacutainer tube for hematology testing | Red |
| No anticoagulants are found in which tube | red |
| if a laboratory test requires serum, which vacutainer tube is used | red |
| for a collection of blood specimen during glucose tolerance test, which tube is used | gray |
| _____ is a coagulant that prevents platelets from clumping & preserves the appearance of blood cells for microscopic preparation | EDTA (Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid) |
| The slant at the open end of the needle | bevel |
| a tourniquet should remain tied on the patients arm no longer than | 1 minute |
| During a routine venipuncture, when should the phlebotomist request that the patient make a fist | after applying the tourniquet and before inserting the needle |
| during a routine venipuncture, when is the correct time to remove the tourniquet? | As the last tube to be drawn begins to fill |
| If median cubebital vein cannot be used, what are the other veins to consider | basilic (little finger side) cephalic (thumb side) brachial artery (same location as BP, but deeper more pain and more bleeding) |
| SST stands for | serum seperator tube |
| Order of seperated blood in the hermatocrit | top = plasma, middle = buffy coat, bottom = red blood cells |
| Red Topper for | serum tests and most blood chemistries |
| Lavender Topper for | (EDTA)obtain whole blood or plasma, CBC |
| Light Blue | coagulation tests, (sodium citrate)most common PT tests |
| Green | (heparin) blood gases |
| Gray | Glucose GTT (contains sodium fluoride/potassium) |
| Dark Blue | trace elements, lead test, arsenic |
| Label of tube contains | additive, exp dt, tube capacity, fill indicator PT name or PT accession number |
| order of tube draws | Yes Lets Be Really Good Little Girls Yellow Light Blue Red Green Lavender Gray |
| Name the five WBCs | Neutrophils, Esonophils, Basilphils, Lymophcytes, Monocytes |
| polycythemia | increased red blood cells |
| decreased hbg | anemia |
| Platelet count | 150,000 - 400,000 |
| Hemoglobin range both female and male | 12 - 16 and 14-18 |
| Hematocrit ranges both female and male | 37% - 47% and 40% - 54% |
| Hematology is | the study of blood |
| CBC test includes | WBC, RBC Hematocrit, Platelet count, Erythocytes Sedimentation Rate (ESR), Prothrombin, WBC w/diff, RBC Indicies |
| Decreased Hemoglobin | anemia |
| Increased hemoglobin | polycythemia, CHF, COPD |
| Hematocrit means | to seperate blood |
| Measures the average amunt of blood glucose over a three month period | Hemoglobin A1C |
| HDL Levels less than ___ is a risk factor for CHD | 40 |
| Total Cholesterol less than ___ mg.dl are desirable | 200 |
| According to CLIA two leels of controls must be performed on a blood chemistry analyzer | everyday |
| primary use of the cholestrol test is to screen for | coronary heart disease |
| blood test used to detect a blood incompatilibity problem with mother and baby | RH antibody titer |
| assists in the diadnosis of rheumatoid arthritis | rheumatoid factor |
| screening test for syphilis | VDRL |
| microorganism that causes infectious mononucleuosis | Epstein Barr EBV |
| BUN is used to detect | kidney disease |
| __________ is affected by consumption of food | triglycerides |
| Build up of fatty deposits on the walls of arteries | artero schler osis |
| term for a substance that is capable of combining with an antigen | antibody |
| recommended A1c level for aDiabetic is less than | seven |
| 70-110 is the normal range for a | fasting blood glucose |
| 80-120 is the range for | before eating blood glucose |
| LDL cholesterol level < _____ is considered optimal | 200 |
| recommended A1c level for a Non-diabetic is | less than 5 |
| Universal Reciepient | AB+ |
| Universal Donor | o- |
| LDL carries cholesterol to the | cells (lousy cholesterol to the cells) |
| HDL carries cholesteral to the | liver (happy cholesterol to liver to excrete) |
| hormone required for the normal usag of glucose in the body | insulin |
| total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides are all detected in a ____ panel | lipid |
| performed to determine blood compatibility before a transfusion | type and cross |
| what test is performed after a blood specimen is collected 2 hours after the patient consumes 100g of glucose | 2-hr post prandial glucose test |
| tube used to collect blood for a prothrombin test | light blue |
| GTT, ALT, ALP are all detected in a ___ panel | Liver |
| NA, K, CA are all detected in a ____ panel | electrolyte |
| chemotheraphy can cause | leukopenia |
| troponin is compenent of a ----- panel | cardiac |
| Increases in this may indicate such conditions as acute and chronic infections, rheumatoid arthities, hepatitis an lupus | ESR (erythrocyte sedimenation rate) |
| An immarture form of a neutriphil is known as a | Band |
| Plasma minus the clotting agents | serum |
| A decreased hematocrit could be the result of excessive squeezing of the finger during collection and _______________ | Anemia |
| What color stopper tube is used to collect a blood specimen for a prothrombin time test | Light Blue |
| Winged infusion set is also known as a | butterfly needle |
| performed to determine blood compatibility before a transfusion | type and cross |
| Normal range for a platelet count | 150,000 - 400,000 |
| The device used for a dermal puncture is a | Lancet |
| An increase in lyphocytges occurs when a patient has infectious | mononucleosis |
| The smaller the gauge the larger the | Lumen |
| AKA prothrombin time, performed to evaluate coumadin theraphy and collected in a light blue topped tube | Protime |
| The slant at the open end of a needle used for venipuncture is termed the | bevel |
| Erythrocytes lack a | nucleus |
| Blood type O is considered to be the | universal donor |
| Anticoagulant that prevents platelets from clumping and preserves the appearance of blood cells for microscopic preparation | EDTA |
| If properly prepared has blood covering one half to three quarters of the slide | Wedge Smear (blood) |
| AKA Platelet | Thrombocyte |
| Needle size most commonly used for adult venipuncture | 21 gauge |
| Good Cholesteral | HDL |
| Bad Cholestreral | LDL |
| Produced by plasma cells are protein molecules and can neutralize viruses and toxins directly | antibodies |
| Non-specific antibodies produced in response to infection with epstein-barr virus | heterophils |
| Troponin is a componet of a ___ panel | Cardiac |
| The typical site for a capillary puncture on an infant is the medial or lateral side of the ___ | Heel |
| T3, T4 and TSH are hormones detected in a ____ panel | thyroid |
| No anticoagulants are found in what tube | red topped |
| K, Na, and Fe are all electrolytes detected in and _____ panel | electrolyte |
| The angel in which the needle enters the arm should be fifteen to ____ degrees | 30 degrees |
| What color stopped tube is used to collect a blood speciment for a CBC? | Lavender |
| Necessary for a lipid profile | fasting |
| Hemoglobin A1c is measured to monitor this | diabetes |
| Failure of the kidneys to produce urine | Anuria |
| Inability to retain urine in the bladder | Urinary Incontinence |
| Excessive (voluntary) urination during the night | nocturia |
| presence of sugar in the urine | glycosuria |
| Inabilitgy to control urination at night (bedwetting) | Nocturna enuresis |
| present of pus in the urine | pyuria |
| normal act of voiding | micturition |
| Inability to empty the bladder; the urine is being produced normally by the kidneys, but is not being voided | retention |
| Immediate need to urination | Urgency |
| presence of blood in the urine | hematuria |
| Blood may normally be present in the urine owing to | menstruation |
| If a freshly voided specimen is cloudy, this means that | A urinary tract infection may be present |
| Which of the following is an example of a quantitative test result: 500 mg/dl, 2+, Trace, Small, Positive | 500 mg/dl |
| When collecting a clean-catch midstream urine specimen, a small amount of urine is voided into the toilet before obtainingb the speciment to: | Flush microorganisms out of the distal urethra |
| What is included in a complete urinalysis? | A chemical examination of urine, Microscopiic exam of urine sediment, a physical exam of urine |
| Which of the following substances is normally present in urine: Urea, Leukocytes, Ketones, Bilirubin, All of the above | Urea |
| If a urine specimen is a light yellow color, this means that: | The urine specimen does not contain many dissolved substances |
| Which of the following urine tests may be positive when a patient has hepatitis? Protein, Bilirubin, Glucose, Ketone bodies | Bilirubin |
| What is the name of the hormone present only in the urine and blood of a pregnant women? | HgG (human chorionic gonadotropin) |
| Which of the following pregnancy test can detect pregnancy the earliest? | serum pregnancy test |
| The presence of bile pigments in a urine specimen causes the speciment to be: | yellow brown in color |
| The pH of most urine specimens is: | acidic |
| A urinalysis may be performed for all of the following reasons except to: Treat a patient's condition, Screen a patient for the presence of disease, Diagnose a pathologic condition, Evaluate the effectiveness of theraphy, All of the Above | Treat a patient's condition |
| How much urine does the normal adult excrete each day? | 750 - 2000 ml |
| A pH reading of 8 menas that the urine specimen is: | Alkaline |
| When a patient has a urinary tracdt infection, all of the following test may be positive except: Protein, Nitrite, Leukocytes, Ketone bodies | Ketone bodies |
| When performing a microscopic exam of urine, the presence of how many white blood cells/HPF is considered normal? | 0 - 8 |
| Polyuria may be caused by: excessive intake of fluids, Diabetes mellitus, taking a diuretic, consumption of caffeine, all of the above | All of the above |
| Which of the folliwn is usually found in the urine sediment of a patient with candidiasis? | yeast |
| If a urine specimen cannot be analyzed iwthin 30 minutes, the best course of action is to: | refrigerate the specimen |
| Casts are formed | In tghe lumen of the nephron tubules |
| which of the following normally contain microorganisms: urinary bladder, ureters, urinary meatus, kidneys | Urinary meatus |
| Why is a first voided morning specimen preferred for perorming a microsocpic examination of urine? | It contains more dissolved substances |
| The cell most likely seen in a normal specimen is: | squamous epithelial cells |
| A 24-hour urine specimen may be collected to: | Determine the cause of kidney stone formation |
| Which of the following test require a clean catch midstream specimen: Urine culture, urine pregancy test, urine drug testing, microscopic exam of urine sediment | Urine culture |
| Which of the following does not result in oliguria: Vomiting, profuse perspiration, diarrhea, edema | Edema |
| What odor would a urine speciment that has been allowed to stand at room temperature for a long time have: | Ammonia |
| When instructing a female patient for a clean catch specimen, how many antiseptic toweletts should you instruct her to use? | three |
| Which of the following test results indicates a concentrated urine specimen? Ketone bodies +1, Red Blood Cells: 3/HPF, Specific Gravity 1.025, Protein trace, pH 6 | Specific gravity 1.025 |
| When collecting a clean catch midstream specimen, a front-to-back motion is used to clease the urinary meatus to: | avoid drawing microorganisms from the anal region into the area being cleansed |
| How should urine reagent strips be stored? | With the cap tightly closed, in a dark container, in a dry area, in a cool area (all of these) |
| One of the first detectable signs of liver disease is: | bilirubinuria |
| What is the term for the ketone bodies in the urine | ketonuria |
| The type of speciment that should be used to test for the presenceof nitrite in the urine is a | first voided morning specimen |
| What occurs if a urine specimen is allowed to stand for more than 1 hour at room temperature? | It becomes cloudy |
| One of the first detectible signs of renal disease is: | proteinuria |
| which of the following urine tests may be positive when a patient has undiagnosed diabetes mellitus? | Glucose |
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dwall2674
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