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World Geo Test EUROP
geo test EUROPE Jan 2012
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is NATO? | North Atlantic Treaty Organization |
| Who is in NATO? | the WWII allies, except for Russia, formed NATO |
| What does NATO do? | has weakened considerably over the years with the inclusion of more countries. The EU en Europe has replaced much of NATO. NATO is still an alliance of Western countries---coordinate in war in Afganastan and Iraq and Air Strikes on Libia. |
| When was NATO put in place? | 1949 |
| Balkinization | violent splitting up of countries due to ethnic conflicts |
| What is the EU? | family of democratic contries committed to working together for peace and prosperity. |
| Who are the members of the EU? | Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, UK, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden |
| What is the main goal of the EU? | 1. eliminate economic barriers between member nations. A single market was established in 1993. Reduced tariffs between members, 'free trade'. 2. European Citizenship |
| What is the EU currency called? | Euro. It was launched in 1999. But not EU members have adopted the Euro. Can it work without support of countries like UK? |
| What resource is found in the North Sea? | oil (called North Sea Brent) |
| Why does Europe have a mild climate? What is the North Atlantic drift? | The North Atlantic Drift-a current of warm water from the tropics blows West to East, in the 'westerlies', and picks up warmth from the ocean and carries it over Europe.The North Atlantic drift brings warm moist air. No mountains to block the warm winds. |
| What two countries are on the Iberian Peninsula? | Spain and Portugal |
| What is a saying about the British empire? | The sun never sets on the British Empire. |
| Why did British colonize other nations? What were they looking for? | Wanted to 'make the world England.' |
| Where is the birthplace of democracy? | Greece (around 1100 BC) |
| What are some influences we have seen from Athens Greece? | science (calculated circumference of earth) Math (pythagorean theorem) Medicine - Hippocratic oath of ethical medicine, Theatre, Plato, Aristotle, Scientific method, philosophy-Socrates 'know thyself.' |
| What are some influences from Ancient Rome? | 1. the Republic 2. Renaissance began in Italian city-states 3. Engineering (invented the Arch) 4. Roads 5. Cement and concrete 6. Aqueducts (still seen in Spain) 6. Romance Languages (Spanish, Portuguese and Italian) |
| Who was Benito Mussolini? | "Italy's Hitler" Fascism - radical, violent, racist views. Nationalism. Joined with Hitler in 1940 |
| What were some of Benito Mussolini political beliefs? | fascism |
| Who is the IRA? | Irish Republican Army (Republican refers to wanting N. Ireland to be part of the Republic of Ireland itself, not UK) |
| Where is the IRA located? | Ulster Northern Ireland is the Northern tip of Ireland.Voted to remain with the UK in 1949 restof Ireland got its independence Major2/3 are Protestant UK ,Min 1/3 are Catholic want to be part of Ireland. IRA uses violence to get independence terrorist |
| What religion is the IRA? | Catholic. Want to join Ireland which is mostly Catholic and leave UK. |
| Who are the BASQUE people? Where do they live? What do they want to achieve? | Live in foothills of Pyrenees. In 1970 Spain granted Basque region self-rule. Some want independence, not just self rule. Basque Separtists |
| What is the Basque ETA group? | armed nationalist and separtist organization. Paramilitary group with goal of gaining indepencence for Basque. |
| When did the unification of Italy and Germany take place? | 1861 unification of Italy. 1871 unification of Germany. |
| What was the cause of WWI | leaders' aggression toward other countries. Rising nationalism of European nations. Economic competition. |
| When was WWI? | 1914-1918 |
| What treaty ended WWI? | Versailles Treaty was signed in 1919. Fighting itself stoped with the Armistice of November 1918. |
| What was the Christmas Truce? Who was it between. | German soldiers started decorating their trenches and singing 'Stille Nacht' December 24, 1914. Soldiers exchanged gifts. Wounded soldiers could be brought back between their lines, dead were burried on both sides. (Germans and Allies) |
| What were the provisions of the Treaty of Versailles? | Germany required to accept sole responsibility for causing the war, Germany was disarmed, Germany had to pay for the war. This led to German resentment and the rise of Hitler |
| What war did the Treaty of Versailles end? | WWI in 1919 |
| Crusades. Who? What? When? Where? Why? | A series of holy wars from 1096-1270 AD undertaken by European Christians to free the Holy Land from Muslim rule. ITALY gave ships for the crusades. |
| What are some problems facing Venice today in relation to the canals? | weight of buildings have compressed the ground and caused Venice to sink. Severe water pollution, industrial waste, saltwater, Killer algae that kill fish. |
| acid rain what is it? | high sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions combined with water vapor |
| how much of Europe does acid rain impact? | 1/4 of all European forest affected by acid rain. |
| What are the Romance languages? What do they stem from? | Spanish, Portuguese, Italian all stem from LATIN |
| Define the renaissance. When was it? | .cultural movement in which arts flourished---art, music writing. 1300's - 1600's... |
| What is the plague called? | black plague or bubonic plague |
| How much of Europe did the plague kill? | about 50% |
| Where did the plague originate? | China. Probably followed the 'silk road' and carried by rats |
| What was the reformation? Who was the leader? | Protestant Reformation a 16thcentury split within W. Christianity started by Martin Luther "Reformers", who objected to the doctrines, rituals and ecclesiastical structure of the Roman Catholic Church, led to the creation of new national Protestant church |
| Who was Martin Luther? What did he write? What did he stand for? | was a German priest, started Protest Reformation.(Lutheranism) Disputed the catholic pope's claim that freedom from God's punishment could be purchased with money. Said must follow Christ to get freedom from punishment for sin, not pay money to Pope. Wrot |
| When was the French Revolution? Did the USA support it? | 1789-1799. Caused by hunger, high taxation, isolated rich Monarch Monarch assasinated and overthrown.. US did not support it militarily. Some US citizens had parades celebrating revolutionary victories. |
| Define the Reign of Terror. What haened during the Reign of Terror? | 1793-4. Violence at the beginning of the French revolution. 16,000 were executed by guillotine. Marie Antoinette and King Louis XVI were famous executions |
| Napoleon Bonaparte. Where was he from? | Born in Corsica. He was a military leader in France toward the end of the French Revolution. After the French Revolution, he became the first Emporer of France. He waged many wars called Napoleonic Wars against every power in Europe. |
| What was the famous battle Napoleon lost? | Battle of Waterloo in 1815. |
| Where was Napoleon exiled to in 1815 | exiled to Saint Helena, a British prison |
| WWII direct cause | caused by the hard treatment Germany had in the treaty of Versailles ending WWI. They were punished economically. German resented. This led to Hitler's rise and the revenge of WWII to 'save Germany.' |
| How many people died in WWII? | 80 million died |
| Who were the Allied and Axis powers in WWII? | Allies - British Empire, USSR, USA Axis - Germany, Italy, Japan |
| What and when was D-Day? | Jun 6, 1944. Major turning point in the war. Allies largest single-day amphibious invasion of all time. 130,000 troops landed on Normandy, France coast |
| Where was Hitler from? | born in Austria |
| When was Hitler in power? | 1933-45 |
| Berlin wall - which side was US and which was Soviet Union? | East-USSR, West-US. Built by East German to keep it citizens from fleeing to the west. Stood for 28 years |
| What did the fall of the Berlin wall symbolize? | wall fell in 1989. Symbolize end of cold war |
| Which country uses nuclear energy for 75% of its power? | France |
| Where is Claude Monet from? What are examples of his paintings? | Monet , born in Paris. Paintings are impressionist style. Sunrise, Flowering Garden at Sainte-Adresse, Haystacks, Water Lillies |
| Warsaw Pact, which countries, when? | Russia's answer to NATO. treaty signed in 1945 that formed an alliance of the Eastern European countries behind the Iron Curtain; USSR, Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, and Romania |
| Know how industrialization leads to colonialism | Industry needs raw materials and labor. Industrialization could not find resouces locally---hence colonization. From 1600's to 1945 wars repeatedly broke out between France and Germany. Industrialism led directly to impreialism. The nationalistic rivalry |
| How did the physical geography of Europe cause city states? | invaders that over ran the Italian Peninsula had no strong government. That led to city-states. |
| What is said about the Dutch and the way they build their country? | "God created the world but the Dutch created Holland." Built seaworks and dikes to halt the flow of saltwater from the Zuilder Zee (an arm of the North Sea). Eventualy became a fresh water lake. |
| market economy | an economy that relies chiefly on market forces to allocate goods and resources and to determine prices |
| the euro | • 16 members of EU adopted single currency in 2002, • Administered by European Central Bank, • joiners had to meet policy goals in terms of low defecit and low inflation targets |
| aqueduct | a conduit that resembles a bridge but carries water over a valley |
| NATO | an international organization created in 1949 by the North Atlantic Treaty for purposes of collective security |
| balkanization | Process by which a state breaks down through conflicts among its ethnicities |
| genocide | systematic killing of a racial or cultural group |
| polder | Land created by the Dutch by draining water from an area. |
| fjord | a long narrow inlet from the sea between steep cliffs or hills |
| geyser | a spring that discharges hot water and steam |
| bog | wet spongy ground of decomposing vegetation |
| cultural crossroads | A place where various cultures cross paths |
| feudalism | the social system that developed in Europe in the 8th C |
| nationalism | the doctrine that your national culture and interests are superior to any other |
| democracy | the political orientation of those who favor government by the people or by their elected representatives |
| republic | a political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them |
| mistral winds | Cold, dry wind from the north |
| Nazi party | the political party founded in Germany in 1919 and brought to power by Hitler in 1933 |
| Fascist party | Italian political party created by Benito Mussolini during World War I. It emphasized aggressive nationalism and was Mussolini's instrument for the creation of a dictatorship in Italy from 1922 to 1943. |
| satellite nation | country that is dominated by a more powerful nation |
Created by:
stinglasher23
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