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Three Philosophies
Discovery Middle School Chapter 21 Three Chinese Philosophies
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Zhou Dynasty | ruled China from 1045 to 256 B.C.E. |
Confucianism | a philosophy where one leads by example |
Daoism | a philosophy where "If you must rule, rule as little as possible" |
Legalism | a philosophy where one should set strict laws or rules and punish harshly those who break them |
Mandate of Heaven | a power or law believed to be granted by a god |
feudalism | a system of government based on landowners and tenants |
Confucius | the most famous philosopher in Chinese history |
Kongfuzi | called Confucius by westerners |
civil servant | a person who works for a government |
Laozi | the great sage, or wise man, of Daoism |
yin and yang | the opposite forces of nature |
Hanfiezi | a prince who believed peace and order should be created by strict laws and harsh punishment |
The three philosophies, Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism, came about because of what circumstances? | disorder |
What was the cause of the disorder that came about China during the last years of the Zhou Dynasty? | disorder and chaos |
The goal of Confucianism is... | a just and peaceful society. |
Because of the influence Confucianism had on the later Han Dynasty, civil servants were selected based on their ______________. | abilities |
Of the following, which would characterize the influence Confucianism had on ancient Chinese society? | values |
True harmony comes from balancing the opposite forces of nature. People gained happiness and peace by living in harmony, or agreement, with the way of nature. These ideas are most represented in ... | Daoism |
Establish strict laws. Most people are naturally selfish. Civil servants should be watched and punished for bad behavior. What philosophy is represented by these statements? | Legalism |