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Rome Begins bvick.wh
Chapter 11 Vocabulary - Rome Begins
| Definition | Answer |
|---|---|
| Largest island in the Mediterranean Sea off the coast of southern Italy. | Sicily |
| Mountain range that runs all the way down the "boot" of Italy from north to south. | The Apennines |
| Region in west central Italy. | Latium |
| River in central Italy. Rome was founded along this river. | Tiber River |
| Twin brothers who were said to have been rescued by a wolf, raised by a shepherd, and founded Rome. | Romulus and Remus |
| Trojan hero who became the "father of the Romans". | Aeneas |
| Lived in the area of Rome as early as 1000 B.C., built huts on Rome's hills, tended herds, and grew crops. | The Latins |
| Along with the Greeks, played an important role in shaping Roman civilization. | The Etruscans |
| Place where Etruscans lived before 650 B.C. | Etruria |
| Etruscan ruling family that eventually grew cruel. | The Tarquins |
| Form of government in which the leader is not a king or queen but someone put in office by citizens with the right to vote. | Republic |
| Roman group of 6,000 soldiers | Legions |
| Wealthy landowners. | Patricians |
| Made up most of Rome's people. | Plebians |
| Top government officials. | Consuls |
| Reject a decision. | Veto |
| Important officials whose main job was to interpret the law and act as judges in court cases. | Praetors |
| Person who had complete control, but ruled on a temporary basis during emergencies. | Dictator |
| The best-known early Roman dictator. | Cincinnatus |
| Ancient city on the northern coast of Africa. | Carthage |
| Carthage's greatest general who was sent to attack Rome in 218 B.C. | Hannibal |
| Ancient town in southern Italy where Hannibal defeated the Romans in 216 B.C. | Cannae |
| In 202 B.C., led a Roman force to invade Carthage. | Scipio |
| Town in northern Africa southwest of Carthage in present-day northern Tunisia. | Zama |
| Large farming estates. | Latifundia |
| Military hero who seized power and made reforms. | Julius Caesar |
| Political alliance of three people. | Triumvirate |
| Small river at the southern boundary of Julius Caesar's command area. (found in Northern Italy) | The Rubicon |
| Julius Caesar's grandnephew/ adopted son who became Rome's first Emperor. His name was changed to Augustus | Octavian |
| One of Caesar's two top generals. Was part of the 2nd Triumvirate. | Antony |
| Cape on the western coast of Greece where Antony and Cleopatra were defeated by Octavian. | Actium |
| Political leader, writer, and Rome's greatest public speaker. | Cicero |
| Octavian's new name. | Augustus |
| Means "Roman Peace". Time period were there were no civil wars in Rome. | Pax Romana |
| Terrible ruler who blamed the burning of Rome on the Christians. He killed himself. | Nero |
| One of the five "Good Emperors" who made Roman laws easier to understand. He shrank the size of the Roman Empire. | Hadrian |
| Human-made channel for carrying water long distances. | Aqueduct |
| One of the principal rivers of Europe, rising in eastern Switzerland. | Rhine River |
| Second-longest river in Europe. | Danube River |
| Two of the largest port cities in Italy. | Puteoli and Ostia |
| System of money. | Currency |
| Mental illness caused him to act strangely, he was cruel and murdered many people, and eventually the Praetorian Guard killed him. | Caligula |
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bvick.wh
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