Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Circulatory System
Heart
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| apex | pointed end of heart |
| base | Top of heart. Has several large vessels attached to it |
| pericardium | loose-fitting double-layered sac that encloses the heart |
| parietal pericardium | serous membrane that lines pericardium |
| visceral pericardium | parietal pericardium reflects onto the surface of the heart to form the visceral pericardium. (Also called the epicardium) |
| pericardial cavity | small space between the parietal & visceral layers of pericardium |
| epicardium | outer layer of heart wall. It's a thin protective layer that is firmly anchored to the underlying muscle |
| myocardium | thick middle layer. It forms the bulk of heart wall and is composed of cardiac muscle tissue |
| endocardium | smooth inner lining of heart. It permits the blood to move through heart |
| Where do the two atria chambers receive blood from? | veins |
| What does the right atrium receive from the superior vena cava? | receives deoxygenated blood from the superior vena cava |
| Where does the superior vena cava return blood to heart? | from the head, neck and upper extremities |
| Where does the inferior vena cava return blood to the heart from? | returns blood to the heart from the thorax, abdomen & pelvis & lower extremities |
| What is the interatrial septum | partition that separates the R&L atria |
| What is the function of the right ventricle? | receives blood from the right atrium and pumps it out to the lungs |
| What is the function of the left ventricle? | receives blood from the left atrium and pumps it out to the tissue of the whole body |
| What is the interventricular septum? | thick muscular partition that separates the R&L ventricles |
| Where are atrioventricular valves (AV)located? (the Triscupid & Mitral Valves) | Valves between the atria and ventricles |
| Where are the semilunar valves (SV) located? | at the base of the large vessels leaving the ventricles |
| what is the function of the AV valves? (the tricuspid & mitral valves) | they permit the flow of blood from the atria into the corresponding ventricle. They also prevent the backflow of blood from the ventricles into the atria |
| What are the Cusps made of? | fibrous connective tissue ring and double folds of endocardium |
| chordae tendinease | tissue strings that attach the valve cusps and the papillary muscles in the ventricles |
| Where is the Biscuspid valve (mitral valve) located? | AV valves between the left atrium and left ventricle. Two cusps |
| Where are SL valves located? | at the base of the large vessels that carry blood from the ventricles |
| Where is the pulmonary SL valve located? | valve at the exit of the right ventricle in the base of the pulmonary truck |
| Where is the aortic SL valve located? | at the exit of the left ventricle in the base of the ascending aorta |
| What is pulmonary circulation? | when the "right pump" pumps the blood to the lungs |
| What is systemic circulation? | when the "left pump" pumps blood to the rest of the body |
| What are the two main coronary arteries called? | Right and Left Coronary Arteries |
| Where are the coronary arteries located? | branch from the ascending aorta just distal to the aortic SL valve |
| When is the bloodflow to the coronary arteries the greatest? | when the myocardium is relaxed |
| What reduces the flow to the coronary arteries? | when the ventricles contract, they compress the arteries which reduce the flow |
| What is the function of the heart? | to pump blood to lungs through pulmonary circulation and pump blood to the rest of the body through systematic circulation |
| Where is the sinoatrial node (SA) located? | in the right atrium near the entrance of the superior vena cava |
| What is the function of the sinoatrial node (SA node)? | rhythmically initiates impulses 70-80 times per minute |
| Nickname for SA node? | Pacemaker of the heart |
| Where is the Atrioventricular node (AV node) located? | in the floor of the right atrium near the interatrial septum |
| What is the function of the AV node? | conducts impulses more slowly than other parts of the conduction system, so there is a brief time delay as the impulses travel through the node |
| Why is there a delay as the impulses travel through the AV node? | it allows for the atria to finish their contraction phase before the ventricles begin contracting |
| What does the AV Bundle consist of? | Atrioventricular bundle, bundle branches and conduction myofibers |
| What is another name for the AV bundle? | Bundle of His |
| Where are the bundle branches located? | they extend along the right and left sides of the interventricular septum to the apex |
| What forms conduction myofibers? | bundle branches branch profusely |
| What is the Cardiac Cycle? | the alternating contraction and relaxation of the heart chambers during one heartbeat |
| What is the contraction phase of the cardiac cycle called? | systole |
| What is the relaxation phase of the cardiac cycle? | diastole |
| Where is the atrioventricular valve located? | valve between an atrium and a ventricle in heart |
| What is the cardiac cycle | a complete heartbeat consisting of contraction and relaxation of both atria and both ventricles. |
| What are conduction myofibers | cardiac muscle cells specialized for conducting action potentials to the myocardium. Also called pukinje fibers |
| What is diapedesis | process by which white blood cells squeeze between the cells in a vessel wall to enter the tissue spaces outside the blood vessel |
| What is erythropoiesis | process of red blood cell formation |
| What is erythropoietin | hormone released by the kidneys that stimulates red blood cell production |
| What is hemocytoblast | a stem cell in the bone marrow from which the blood cells arise |
| What is hematopoiesis | blood cell production which occurs in the red bone marrow |
| Where is the semilunar valve located and what does it do? | valve between a ventricle of the heart and the vessel that carries blood away from the ventricle. |
Created by:
dcarafa
Popular Medical sets