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Chpt 31 Sect1
The Emergence of Modern China
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Spheres of influence | an area or country that is politically & economically dominated by, though not directly governed by, another country |
Nationalists | Chinese political party in power after 1911 revolt. Disliked foreign powers in China but were greatly influenced by Western ideas. |
abdicate | to surrender one's office, throne, or authority |
Sun Yat-sen | China's 1st president 1911 under the Nationalist party. Wanted China to adopt a government based on Western ideas. |
Chaing Kai-shek | China's president after Yat-sen's death in the mid 1920's. |
Long March | a year long journey of Communists who fled Jiangxi in 1934 to avoid execution by Chiang Kai-shek. |
Mao Zedong | Communist leader of People's Republic of China 1949 until his death in 1976 |
Taiwan | island off of China's mainland. Chaing Kai-shek sought safety there in 1949 |
collective farms | farm where people work as a group & then share whatever they harvest. |
Great Leap Forward | 1958-1960 plan where collectives were combined into communal settlements, run much like the military |
Cultural Revolution | 1966-1969 plan by Zedong to establish a new, socialist society- to destroy the "Four Olds" |
Red Guards | Zedong's army who enforced his policies during the Cultural Revolution |
Little Red Books | a collection of Mao's sayings compiled and distributed during the Cultural Revolution |
Deng Xiaoping | leader of China following Zedong's death in 1976 |
Tiananmen Square event | 6/3/1989 event in Beijing. Approximately 2,000 political protesters were killed and hundreds of others wounded by China's military |
martial law | law administered during a period of strict military control |
Marxism | an system of economical & political thought developed by Karl Marx |
communism | system of government in which the government controls the means of production, determining what goods will be made, how much workers will be paid, and how much items will cost |
Red China | once popular name for communist China |
imperialism | extending the power and dominian of a country or indirectly by gaining economical or political control over another area |