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outline 4
Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Enlightenment | philosophical movement of the 18th century that emphasized the use of reason |
| scholasticism | dominant western Christian theological and philosophical school of the Middle Ages, based on Aristotle |
| Ptolemy | ancient astronomer, geographer, and mathematician who considered the Earth the center of the universe |
| Nicolaus Copernicus | mathematician and astronomer who proposed that the sun was stationary in the center of the universe and the earth revolved around it |
| Galileo Galilei | entral figure of the scientific revolution of the 17th century: he discovered some stars in the sky were planets which had features moons of Jupiter rings of Saturns venus phases like our moon helping the validity of the copernican heliocentric theory |
| Empiricism | doctrine that all knowledge of matters of fact derives from experience and that the mind is not furnished with a set of concepts in advance of experience |
| Isaac Newton | Co-inventor of calculus. Discovered the law of Universal Gravitation. Newton's 3 laws of motion. Corpuscular theory of light. Law of cooling. Professor, Theologian, Alchemist, Warden of the Mint. |
| Ancien Regime (the three estates) | system in France before the Revolution of 1789. the three estates: the first being the clergy, second the wealthy & politicians, and third the rest of the french: getting taxed, so they revolted and started the french revolution storming of the bastille |
| Louis XIV | the Sun King(1643-1715) absolute monarchy, Versailles, fought most European countries in four wars. successful in both internal and foreign affairs. 1685 the king took the disastrous step of revoking the Protestant minority's right to worship |
| Absolutism | a political theory that absolute power should be vested in one or more rulers |
| Philosophes | intellectuals of the 18th century Enlightenment.Few were philosophers; rather they were public intellectuals who applied reason to the study of many areas of learning: philosophy, history, science, politics, economics and social issues. |
| John Locke | proposition that government rests on popular consent and rebellion is allowed when government overturns the protection of life, liberty, and property |
| Adam Smith | author of The Wealth of Nations. (1723-1790) total government non-regulation of economics |
Created by:
ecampbell1
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