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Endocrine System

Glands

QuestionAnswer
Growth Hormone (GH) (anterior lobe of pituitary) stimulates growth by promoting protein synthesis
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) (anterior lobe of pituitary) Increases secretion of thyroid hormone. Increases size of thyroid gland
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) (anterior lobe of pituitary) Increases secretion of adrenocortical hormones, especially glucocorticoids, such as cortisol
Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) (anterior lobe of pituitary) Follicle maturation and estrogen secretion in females, spermatogenesis in males
Luteinizing Hormone (LH) also called Interstitital Cell Stimulating Hormone (ICSH) in males [anterior lobe of pituitary] Ovulation; progesterone production and testosterone production
Prolactin (anterior lobe of pituitary) Stimulates milk production
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) (posterior lobe of pituitary) Increases water reabsorption (decreases water lost in urine)
Oxytocin (posterior lobe of pituitary) Increases uterine contractions; stimulates ejection of milk from mammary gland
Thyroid Gland Hormones Throxine and triidothyronine
Function of Thyroid Gland Increases metabolic rate; essential for normal growth and development
Calcitonins (Thyroid Gland) Decreases blood calcium by bone breakdown and releasing calcium. Antagonistic to parathyroid hormone
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) (Parathyroid Gland) Increases blood calcium by bone breakdown and release of calcium. increases calcium absorption in digestrive tract; decreases calcium lost in urine
Adrenal Cortex Gland increases sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion in kidney tubules; increases water retention
What are the Adrenal Cortex hormones? Mineralocorticoids, Glucocorticoids (cortisol), Androgens and Estrogens
What is the function of Glucocorticoids (cortisol)? Increases blood glucose levels
What is function of Androgens and Estrogens? Secretes in small amounts so that effect is generally masked by hormones from ovaries and testies
What are the hormones of the Adrenal Medulla Gland? Epinephrine and Norepinephrine
Functions of Epinephrine and Norepinephrine? Helps cope with stress, increases heart rate and BP; increases blood flow and increases blood glucose level
What are Hormones of Pancreas (islets of Langerhans) Gland? Glucagon and Insuline
What is function of Glucagon? increases breakdown of glycogen to increase blood glucose levels
What is function of Insulin? Decreases blood glucose levels
What is the Testes Gland hormone? Testosterone
What is the function of Testosterone? Maturation and maintenance of male reproductive organs and secondary sex characteristics
What are the Hormones of the Ovaries Gland? Estrogen and Progesterone
What is the function of Estrogen? Maturation and maintenance of femal reproductive organs and secondary sex characteristics; menstrual cycle
What is the function of Progesterone? Prepares uterus for pregnancy; stimulates development of mammary gland; menstrual cycle
What is the hormone of the Pineal Gland? Melatonin
What is the function of Melatonin? Inhibits gonadotropin-releasing hormone which inhibits reproductive functions, daily rhythems, such as sleep and wakefulness
Medication for Hypothyroidism Lavoxyl
Medication for Hyperthyroidism Prednisone
Medication for Goiter in Neck Prednisone
Medication for Type I Diabetes Insulin
Medication for Type II Diabetes Glucophage or Metforman
List Diuretics HCTZ, Lasix, Furosemide Natural Diuretic is caffeine
Superiferous Sweating profusely
Acromegaly Extremely large bones in face & hands (Excess amount of GH)
HCG Present in pregnant womens uteruses
Cortex Outer Layer
Medulla Inner Layer
Diabetes Inspidus Large quantity of dilute urine (polyuria) and great thirst (polydipsia)
Two Regions of Pituitary Gland Anterior (Adenohypophysis) and Posterior (Neurohypophysis)
What does Endocrine glands secrete? Hormones
How is Pituitary Gland connected to Hypothalamus? By a slender stalk called the infundibulum
Diuretic Helps you lose fluids (Treats high BP, edema, CHF because they remove fluids from body)
Anti Diuretic Helps body retain fluids
Hypoglycemia Low Blood Sugar
TSH Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
What are the Thyroid Hormones Thyroxine (95) and Triiodothyronine (5%)
Cretinism Condition where person is a mentally retarded dwarf with abnormal skeletal features
What happens if blood glucose is too low? Nervous System does not function properly
What happens if blood glucise is too high? Kidneys product large quantities of urine and dehydration may result
GnRH Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone
Endocrine Gland Gland that secretes its products directly into the blood
Exocrine Gland Gland that secretes its product to a surface or cavity through ducts
Hormone Substance secreted by an endocrine gland
Adenohypophysis Anterior portion of the pituitary gland
Neurohypophysis Posterior portion of the pituitary gland
Target Tissue A tissue (cells) that responds to a particular hormone because it has receptor sites for that hormone
Created by: dcarafa
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