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APWH ch. 15
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Tang Dynasty | (618-907 CE) founded by Tang Taizong; after the Sui dynasty; success due to energy, ability, and policies of Tang Taizong; maintained an extensive communications network based on roads, horses, and sometimes human runners; used the equal-field system. |
| Grand Canal | Waterway that linked the Huang He and Yangtze rivers; created in the sui dynasty; ran north and south; created expansion through trade |
| Song Dynasty | 960-1279 C.E.; never built a very powerful state; Song rulers mistrusted military leaders, and they placed much more emphasis on civil administration, industry, education, and the arts than on military affairs; |
| Sui dyansty | (589-618 C.E,) brought about by Yang Jian, very short, it did bring all of China back under centralized rule; the Grand Canal was built during this empire |
| Tang Tiazong | 627-649 CE; Tang Dynasty's second emperor;taxes were very low; unusual stability and prosperity during his reign |
| Hangzhou | New Song capital city in the south |
| Chang'an | Tang capital city |
| Song Taizi | reigned 960-976 C.E.; a junior military officer and was known for his honesty and effectiveness and in 960 his troops proclaimed him emperor. |
| gunpowder | A mix of salpeter, sulfur, and charcoal first used for fireworks in Tang China |
| fast-ripening rice | New strains of the staple produced two crops per year instead of just one |
| paper money | New type of currency issued by the Song government |
| Civil service exam | Test for becoming a Tang or Song government official |
| High taxes & forced labor | Common causes of peasant revolts |
| An Lushan | one of Tang dynasty's foremost military commanders; mounted rebellion and captured capital at Chang'an and Luoyang; murdered by a soldier in 757 |
| Zhu Xi | he was the most important representative of Song Neo-Confucianism and maintained a deep commitment to Confucian values emphasizing proper personal behavior and social harmony; |
| Bureaucracy of merit | Tang dynasty relied heavily on this; recruited government officials from the ranks of candidates who had progressed through the Confucian educational system and had mastered a sophisticated curriculum concentrating on the classic work of chinese literacy. |
| Xuanzang | young Buddhist monk who decided to go to India and visit the holy sites of Buddhism and learn about his faith; |
| Foot Binding | gained popularity among the privileged classes during the Song era; the tight wrapping of young girls' feet with strips of cloth that prevented natural growth of the bones and resulted in tiny, malformed, curved feet; |
| Nara Japan | (710-794 CE) where Chinese influence was most prominent; Nara was also a city near modern Kyoto, Japan. |
| Heian Period | (794-1185 CE); also a city named capital of Japan in 794 and is now modern Kyoto; became the seat of a refined and sophisticated society that drew inspiration from China but also elaborated distinctively Japanese political and cultural traditions; |
| Tale of Genji | best reflected the Heian court life; composed by Murasaki Shikibu; relates the experiences of a fictitious imperial prince named Genji |
| Kamakura | early medieval period of Japan that ran from 1185 to 1333 CE |
| Samurai | professional warriors and specialists in the use of force and the arts of fighting; served the provincial lords of Japan |
| Dunhuang | a city on the silk road that transmitted Mahayana Buddhism to China; by the fourth century C.E., a sizable Buddhist community had emerged at Dunhuang in western China. |
| Murasaki Shikibu | a lady in writing in the Heian court who wrote in Japanese syllabic script rather than in Chinese character. She wrote The Tale of Ganji. |
| Chan Buddhism | a syncretic faith; a form of Buddhism with Chinese characteristics; known in Japan as Zen Buddhism; emphasized insight in the search for spiritual enlightenment |
| Neo-Confucianism | emerged when the Confucians of the Song dynasty drew inspiration from Buddhism; their thought reflected the influence of Buddhism and original Confucian values |
| Silla | native dynasty of Korea that agreed to a political compromise with invading Tang authorities to avoid a long and costly conflict |
| Vietnam | called Nam Viet by the Chinese;Viet people settled around the Red River and resisted the Tang armies; used Chinese agricultural systems, irrigation systems, schools, administration, and Confucian works; Viets won their rule by the fall of the Tang dynasty |
| Minamoto | claimed to rule the land in the name of the emperor; dominated political life in Japan for four centuries |
| Muromachi | ran from 1336 - 1573 CE in Japan; during the two periods, they developed a decentralized political order |
| Shogun | a military governor who ruled in place of the emperor; installed as clan leader by the Minamoto |
| Bushido | the "way of the warrior"; the code of conduct of the Japanese samurai that was based on loyalty and honor |
| Seppuku | Japanese term for ritual suicide committed by the samurai when he had been dishonored |
Created by:
brooke2013
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