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AP Chapter 7 Upshur
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| differs from those of other cultures in that there is no concept of a "fall." | Maya creation-story |
| Mayan., Inka., , Olmec., Toltec. | culminating Mesoamerican Amerindian empire |
| The period of the civilization of Teotihuacán in Mesoamerica was | 100-900 C.E. |
| The civilization of Teotihuacán was centered in an arid valley about thirty miles northeast of | present Mexico City. |
| Its name means "Abode of the Gods" in Aztec., It was supplied water by a dozen large, permanent springs., It held a pyramid that was almost six hundred feet square. | city of Teotihuacán |
| worship of a female divinity who provided the springs of water., worship of a feathered serpent who was a manifestation of Venus., the sacrifice of human prisoners in public ceremonies. | Teotihuacán religion |
| better known to us than that of either the Olmec or Teotihuacán. | Maya civilization |
| possessed a network of good roads. | Maya civilization |
| economic dislocations that followed the Teotihuacanos collapse., failure of the food distribution system., a conservative leadership that could not adapt to new ways. | causes of the collapse of the Maya civilization |
| enjoyed a period of revival centered in the Yucatan Peninsula. | Maya civilization |
| plagues., disastrous weather., recurrent warfare., lack of effective central authority. | final decline of the Maya |
| By 1500, the Aztec Empire dominated | 28 million people. |
| a means of gathering tribute and of getting victims for sacrificial rites., its exploitative aspects, it resembled the Roman Empire., generally did not maintain a military occupation of their conquered territories. | Aztec Empire |
| distinction in war brought upward mobility for nobles. | Aztec society |
| need for human sacrificial victims spurred the to make war in order to obtain captives. | Aztecs religion |
| wrote a book titled Royal Commentaries of the Inkas., believed in the essential justice of Inka rule in Peru., was related to the last two Inka rulers. | Garcilaso de la Vega |
| followed the Chavin., Its climate was like that of Mesopotamia., The diet of its people was more nutritious than that of others in South America., Its royal tombs held artifacts demonstrating advanced skills in the working of precious materials. | Moche civilization |
| The Moche society dominated coastal Peru and the neighboring hill country between | 100 and 700 C.E. |
| Socially, it featured a rigid hierarchy., It depended on an elaborate irrigation system., It lacked a written language., | Moche culture |
| worked with gold, silver, and platinum., were familiar with the lost-wax method of casting., created necklaces, ear and nose plugs, and ritual masks. | Moche jewelers and artists |
| included six million people in a domain stretching 2500 miles from north to south. | The Inka Empire |
| social and governmental system was intensely hierarchic., lacked writing., developed an extensive road system., economic system was essentially state socialism. | Inka |
| had public worship of the Sun God as its primary focus. | Inka religion |
| An example of an African state that was primarily Mediterranean in orientation is | Carthage. |
| North African states had been for centuries Islamic in religion., Centrally organized states with dynastic rulers controlled much of central and western Africa., The Portuguese were moving down the west African coast. | Africa from the fifteenth through the seventeenth century |
| In 1590, the declining Songhai Empire came under the direct control of | Morocco. |
| The Ethiopian emperor Lebna Dengel appealed to the Portuguese for assistance against | Muslim armies under Ahmad ibn Ghazi. |
| Portuguese interest in Ethiopia was prompted especially by | fascination with the fabled realm of Prester John. |
| expedition against Muslims ended in his defeat and death. | Dom Christoval da Gama |
| memoirs in Arabic by Muslim travelers., oral traditions., archaeological studies. | Our knowledge of the kingdoms of salt and gold |
| Ewuare the Great, the kingdom extended-port at Lagos to the Niger., It was one of the first West African kingdoms to come into direct contact with European traders and explorers., a large fortified stronghold at least twenty-five miles in circumference. | Benin |
| Benin artists were particularly renowned for | bronze sculptures. |
| The number of different ethnic groups (and languages) in Africa may be as great as | 1000. |
| the farther south in Africa, the more tenuous the contacts with | Mediterranean cultures. |
| had always been connected by trade routes with Saharan and central African societies. | Western and northern Africa and Egypt |
| were generally controlled by the Berbers. | Trade routes to North Africa |
| were connected by the exchanges of goods, peoples, and ideas. | Egypt and the Sudan |
| marriage involved more family members than just the bride and groom. | African societies |
| Human life probably first emerged in., is over twice as large as the continental United States., Much of central _____is subtropical. | Africa |
| trypanosomiasis., river blindness., malaria., bilharzias. | diseases that have plagued African societies |
| Soil quality in Africa was harmed by | the slash-and-burn technique. |
| controlled the caravans Islamic northern Africa. | Berbers |
| In the sixteenth century, this area was not under the control of the Ottoman Empire | Morocco. |
| The kingdom of Axum flourished about the same time as the | Roman Empire. |
| became Christian before much of Europe had. | Axumite kingdom |
| Lalibela is the site of spectacular | rock-carved churches. |
| In the sixteenth century, the Christian Ethiopian emperor Lebna Dengel turned to this country for help in fighting Muslim armies. | Portugal |
| Among the motivations for Bantu migration was | increased population and soil exhaustion. |
| believed in nature spirits and the power of ancestors., used masks and other carved objects much as some Christians used icons. | The Bantus |
| extensive rites of initiation marked the reaching of puberty. | In Bantu society |
| became a leading center for iron production because it possessed hardwood trees that would burn very hot. | The Congo |
| transported gold and salt to the Mediterranean via camel caravans crossing the Sahara. | Ghana, Mali, and Songhai |
| the "kingdoms of gold and salt" are more common for Islamic kingdoms. | First-hand written accounts |
| its relatively direct theological precepts., its openness to all converts., commercial benefits of alliances with the Muslim world. | attractions of Islam for the black ruling elite in the kingdoms of salt and gold |
| It was threatened by Moroccan military attacks in the late 1500s. | Songhai kingdom |
| eventually had direct contact with Europeans. | Benin |
| reported that the poor there were taken care of by the government. | Travelers to Beninv |
| were quite adept at creating gold objects. | The Ashanti |
| was a devout Muslim. | Idris ibn Ali |
| considered himself an equal to European monarchs. | Afonso I |
| The Land of Zanj was located in | east Africa. |
| It was the capital of several Bantu monarchs., A major temple, a palace, a series of stone walls, and an "acropolis" have been found there., Iron production and copper and gold mining provided its economic basis. | Zimbabwe |
Created by:
jchavez
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