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Mesopotamia HRW ch 3
vocab & comprehension
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| a large arc of rich, or fertile, farmland in southwest Asia | Fertile Crescent |
| a mixture of rich soil and tiny rocks left behind by river water | silt |
| a way of supplying water to an are of land | irrigation |
| human-made wateraways for the purpose of controling the flow of water from one place to another | canals |
| more of something than is needed | surplus |
| an arrangement in which each worker specializes in a particular task or job | division of labor |
| country-side areas | rural |
| city areas | urban |
| a city and its surrounding countryside | city-state |
| a legendary figure in Sumerian literature, an epic tells of his many conquests and adventures | Gilgamesh |
| he was the first to unite all of Sumeria under one rule, he created the first empire | Sargon |
| land with different territories and peoples under a single rule | empire |
| the worship of many gods | polytheism |
| people who perform religious cerimonies | priests |
| the division of society by rank or class | social heirarchy |
| the world's first system of writing, developed in Sumer | cuneiform |
| picture symbols | pictographs |
| a professional writer | scribe |
| long poems that tell the stories of heros | epics |
| the science of building | architecture |
| a pyramid-shaped temple tower located in the middle of Sumerian cities | ziggurat |
| a ruler of a kingdom or empire | monarch |
| a set of 282 laws that dealt with most aspects of daily life | Hammurabi's Code |
| a wheeled, horse-drawn cart used in battle | chariot |
| a set of letters that can be combined to form words | alphabet |
| a Chaldean king famous for building the Hanging Gardens of Babylon for his homesick wife | Nebuchadnezzar |
| Mesopotamian farmers built ___________ to irrigate their fields. | canals |
| While city dwellers were urban, farmers lived in ____________ areas. | rural |
| The people of Sumer practiced __________, the worship of many gods. | polytheism |
| Instead of using pictographs, Sumerians developed a type of writing called _________. | cuneiform |
| Horse-drawn _____________ gave the Hittites and advantage during battle. | chariots |
| The Babylonian king ____________ is famous for his code of laws. | Hammurabi |
| Sumerian society was organized by ___________, which consisted of a city and the surrounding lands. | city-state |
| ________ served as a link between the people and the gods | priests |
| Mesopotamia means _______________________ in Greek. | land between two rivers |
| Mesopotamia relied on silt from the ________ and ________ rivers for fertile soil for farming. | Tigris & Euphrates |
| The ____________ fought against each other to gain control of surrounding farmland to ensure enough resources for thier people. | city-states |
| ___________ were built so tall because the Sumerian people believed their gods lived in high places. | Ziggurats |
| Sumerian city-states built huge,thick walls around their cities to protection from _________. | attack |
| Using new technologies such as __________ and chariots gave the Hittites and advantage in battle. | iron weaopons & chariots |
| Because of a __________ of food, people were able to specialize in particular kinds of work. | surplus |
| T/F: Sumerians valued education for thier children. | True |
| T/F: A Sumerian contribution to mathematics was a number system based on factors and multiples of 20. | False. Based on the number 60. |
| T/F: The Phoenicians gained power in the Fertile Crescent through fierce battles and superior armies. | False. The Assyrians were the feared warriors, the Phoenicians gained power through trade. |
| ____________ was the main resouce of Phoenicia. | cedar wood |
| T/F: The Sumerians wrote with sharpened reeds on papyrus paper. | False. They wrote with sharpened reeds on clay tablets. |
| Settlements in Mesopotamia began ___________ years ago. | 5000-6000 |
| An important job that Sumerian women were allowed to have was _____________. | priestess |
| Babylon was located near present day ____________, Iraq. | Baghdad |
| T/F: Heavy rainfalls made Mesopotamia and ideal place for farming. | False. Mesopotamia received little rainfall. The silt and irrigation from the rivers made it an ideal place for farming. |
| Cuneiform writing began as pictographs, but evolved into ________________________ symbols over time. | wedge-shaped |
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mlasalle
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